"word In Classical Japanese Literature

The research approach of focusing the attention on one word, studying the application and changing process of the word in Japanese literature is now attracting the attention of Comparative Literature Association. The research concerning on one word becomes popular. I was sent to Waseda University as an exchange student to do the research on Japanese classical literature in 2008. I hope that I can apply what I have learnt to my graduation thesis. When I studied Chinese Language and Literature as my second bachelor degree, I found that the word "by" is a function word which is frequently used in classical Chinese. In addition, the word "by" also has some other meanings which are listed as follows:"reason" which is used as a noun, "use, have" which are used as verbs, etc. Therefore, "by" can be regarded as a word with complicated and various applications. In the "Chinese Dictionary", "by" has 20 usages. In the "Chinese and Japanese Dictionary", "by" has 18 usages. At the same time, "by" also has many different usages in Japanese classical literature. I found that there was no research on the word "by" in Japanese literature after reading a large number of previous papers. Therefore, I decide to make an innovation, using the research approach of focusing on the word "by", and studying its application in Japanese literature.The thesis is composed of five chapters. First, my thesis is not limited to studying the word "by" in the Japanese literature. According the meanings in the dictionary, I reclassify the usages of "by" on my own. The word "by" was classified into five categories:preposition, conjunction, auxiliary, noun and verb according to the different parts in the speech. The examples of explanation were added as well. In the following three chapters, I analyze the applications of the word "by" in two of Japan's oldest history books - "Kojiki"and "Nihon Shoki", and Japan's most ancient poem collection "Manyoshu" as well. The usage of word "by" in the Chinese classical literature was compared with its applications in the Japanese literature.In the end, I made the conclusion as follows. There are few changes in the Chinese writing style in Kojiki, which adds some Japanese writing style. Nihon Shoki was written in strict accordance with the format of Chinese writing style, which has some obvious traces of imitating ancient Chinese writing. Manyoshu took the Japanese writing style, but there is still some vague awareness of ancient Chinese writing left in it. Although this point of view has already been put forward, and has been recognized by the public, I reinforce the accuracy of the conclusion from the new point of view of the specific word "by".