Ming Dynasty The Shaanxi Row In The Division History And Geography Studies

In the administrative division, Ming government set the local administrative system which is set . up Buzhengshisi(布政使司), Fu (Zhili state) and county three levels, mixtured with Buzhengshisi(布政使司), Fu, state, county four levels. There is a military control type District system. It mainly refers to the Shi-tu(实土)Guards and Battalions or part owned Shi-tu (实土)Guards and Battalions, and the accurate shi-tu Guards and Battalions. The Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu is a political and military control type District system which owned Shi-tu (实土) Guards and Battalions. This paper uses the intervention, mainly issues the change about the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and its Guards, Battalions establishment, the area change and military interaction, and the relationship between the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Gansu military district.First of all, it was to analyze the change between the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Guards and Battalions establishment. The Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu changed greatly in Hongwu (洪武)years of Ming Dynasty, Xian hsing du-wei was changed to Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu in Hongwu eight year(1375), after the abolition of Hongwu nine year (1376); then replaced once again in Zhuanglang (庄浪) in Hongwu televe year(1379), but quickly abolished; until placed in Ganzhou in Hongwu twenty-six year(1393). The Guards and Battalions of the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu changed mainly in the Hongwu twelve year(1379) to Hongwu twenty-six year(1393) and later Hongwu twenty-six year (1393)two stages, Guards and Battalions'number constantly changed:eleven in Hongwu twenty-six year (1393), fourteen in Hongwu thirty-one year(1398), but ten in Jianwen (建文) years, thirteen in Yongle (永乐) years, later Jingtai (景泰) seven year to fifteen, continuing to the late Ming.Secondly, it was to issue the change of the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu jurisdiction. In Hongwu twenty-six year, Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu was stabilized, its jurisdiction reached to the maximum extent in the Ming Dynasty, the north reach to Yijinai(亦集乃) area. With the abolitition of the Guards and Battalions, it gradually moved inside to the northern mountain of the Hexi Corridor (河西走廊) and the Great Wall in later Yongle years, then did not changed much until the late Ming Dynasty. In addition, it was to issue the reasons of formation management system about the military and political of the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu, there is clearly the impact of the government's macro-economic policy, but mostly military implications.Again, it was to discuss military offensive and defensive line between the Mongolian tribes and Ming government in the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu area. It was mainly to deal with the Mongolian tribes which swept into Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu area. Combined with the natural environment and traffic road in the region, the line of the Mongolian tribes harassing Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu was mostly along the Great Wall. The reasons why the Mongolian tribes swept into Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu area is the economic, climate, and religious factors. Ming Government's defense measures also involves the military, religion and so on to response to this situation,.Fourth, it was to analysis the relationship about the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Gansu military district. Gansu military district is the garrison units as the most western section of Ming Dynasty Great Wall, was set in the Hongwu twenty-five years. its district is north to Yijinai(亦集乃), east to Zhuanglang(庄浪),west to Suzhou(甘州),south of Xining(西宁).In Wanli(万历)wenty-seven year, its eastern area began expansion to Shuangdun(双墩)in Abalingbao(阿坝岭堡)in Xiaosong mountain(小松山)The position of Gansu military district about the political control and military defense is also very important, Gansu governor settings show the improvement of their political status. Compared with Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Gansu military district, it known the set-up time between the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Gansu military was similar, the scope of jurisdiction is smaller with the Gansu military district, and the military and political functions are different. Between the Shaanxi hsing tu-ssu and Gansu military district are in one city, although the difference between the two, but interdependent and interrelated.