Sectarianism And The Pattern Of Evolution Of Indian Politics

In history, religion and politics in India have close relation. After the independence, Indian government has adopted the western parliament democratic system and established the secularism as a state principle to build India into a"non- religious republic state". However, the doctrine of secularism is not implemented thoroughly in the Indian political life. As the changes of Indian political situation, religious force is developing constantly and permeating in the political life. Especially since 1980s, there appears the ideological trend of rejuvenation of Hinduism in India. Meanwhile, communalism launches a more outstanding impact on Indian politics. It can be said that it is difficult to understand Indian politics without the factor of religion.For the impact of communalism on Indian politics, there is no systematic research yet at home. Therefore, this paper selects communalism and the development of India political pattern as the research objects, attempting to analyze clearly how communalism influences Indian politics and society and how the Indian government deals with the relation between communalism and its political policy in the future. From the analysis can give the readers a clear understanding of the historical and realistic characteristic of the Indian society and the research also has realistic meanings in the political development of our country.Since there is not a clear definition of communalism so far, the paper defines communalism firstly, believing communalism is an extreme form of nationalism. Then the paper introduces the origin of Hindu communalism, its development and the main political party of communalism briefly. The political system of India is developed on the basis of inheriting British Indian management system, implementing federalism and parliament democratic system. After the independence, India's political pattern has experienced several great turns and communalism has played a very important role in this course. this is also a focal point. During the 20 years that Nehru is in power, Buddhist communalism is in the ascendant, represented by organizations such as People's Alliance and National Voluntary Service Group criticizing Nehru's secularism policies, advocating great Hinduism and repelling Islam. It not only aggravates the religious sect conflicts but also lets government's secularization suffer severe test. During 1970s and 1980s, the status of Indian National Congress is not firm any more while Indian Janata Party, which has a Hinduism communalism, is inclined to rises gradually. Islamic religious sect then supports the communalism policy of Indian National Congress to oppose Hinduism religious sect. At that time, strong offensive Hinduism communalism and the weak secularism bring violent religious conflict and the political situation is more turbulent too. From last ten years of the 20th century to the present, India has stepped into the era of coalition government in power. Indian Janata Party and Hinduism religious sect are in close relations and hold a stable position in the political circles for a time. But actually many religious sects become political strength that all party groupings rely on or utilize one after another. The close combination of political party and religious sect makes the struggle of the Indian political circles more complicate. At the end of this paper, the author makes a concrete analysis to the reasons of the existence of Indian communalism and its impact to politics from the perspective of Indian politics, economy, society, ideology doctrine and religious sect. Even today, communalism remains the factor that can't be ignored in Indian politics. However, policies of the government are more complete during the process of summarizing the experiences and more mature on dealing with the religious sect too.