Research On The Supreme Leadership System Of The Islamic Republic

Adhering to take history as the basis,theory as the guidance and principle of case-by-case,this paper studies the supreme leader system of Iran after its Islamic revolution. This paper has four parts.The first part mainly expounds the theoretical foundation of the Iranian supreme leader system.Iranians under the leadership of the jurists,excercise consititution power,rules constitution,established the supreme leader system.It originated from the Shia Islam twelve Imam religious fundamentalism,namely in the reclusive period of the worshiped 12 th Imam Muhammad- Mahdi,whose poster under heaven would become the real leader of Shiite Muslims.On the basis of previous researches,Spiritual leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini clearly pointed out the jurists’ theory of nation administration from the three aspects of "the necessity of establishing the leadership of the jurists,specific forms of jurists’ leadership and how to establish jurists’ Leadership " as to pave the way of establish the supreme leader system.The second part laid special stress on analyzing the establishment and development of Iran’s supreme leader system.After the foundation of the Islamic Republic,Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini put his theory into practice,regulating the supreme leadership system,giving the supreme leader absolute position and power through the constitution.Furthermore,he established several departments such as Islamic revolutionary committees,the Islamic Republican Party,the Islamic Revolutionary Court and improved the Supreme leader system.Then,the succession leaders,Ayatollah Ali Khomeini,confirmed his supreme leader status by establishing National Interests Committee,director of Judicial and obtained the highest leadership by suppressing rival groups through political means.The third part mainly analyzes the potential crisis of Iranian supreme leader system such as the loss of authority by constant changing,the loss of mass base caused by sanctions from western countries because of the differences in constitutional theories.The fourth part is based on the above viewpoints,and puts forward that Iran’s supreme leader system will remain unchanged by focusing on politics or return to the governing tradition of jurists by establishing the supreme leader system.