| ForewordY chromosome is the sex chromosome that only exists in males. It is paternally inherited. There is no recombination in sequence of non - recombinant region OF of Y chromosome ( NRY ) during mitosis, so it was transmitted completely from father to son ( except for mutations ). These characteristics enable the DNA analysis of genetic markers in NRY unique role in application of forensic medicine: discrimination of male individuals from mixed stains in sexual crimes without interference of female DNA and parent - child identification in which information from the father is unavailable.Short tandem repeat ( STR) is one of the genetic polymorphic markers within the NRY region in Chromosome Y, which is also called microsatellite. Y - STR has many advantages over other genetic markers and it has become a hot topic of both application and research in forensic medicine. Y chromosome is transmitted in the form of hap-loid, leading to extreme disequilibrium of Y chromosome genetic markers distribution in different population. The prerequisite of STR application in forensic medicine is establishment of a database of population Y - STR loci haplotype distribution. Therefore we need to form haplotypes by using the known highly polymorphic STR loci and detect more local population. In this study we detect 7 Y - STR loci, DYS 392, DYS 393, DYS 19, DYS 389 I, DYS 389 II, DYS 390 and DYS 385, in the Chinese Han, Tibetan and Japanese population. We established databases of 7 Y - STR loci haplotype population distribution and investigated their application in forensic medicine.Materials and MethodsBy using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) , 7 Y - STR loci were amplified: DYS 392, DYS 393, DYS 19, DYS 389 I, DYS 389 II, DYS 390 and DYS 385. PCR products were separated by polyacrylam-ide gel electrophoresis ( PAGE) , and the gels were developed by the method of silver staining. Polymorphism of Y - STR loci of 45 Chinese Han individuals, 67 Tibetan individuals and 59 Japanese individuals, all without blood relation, were analyzed. In each sample, different loci were united to form Y - STR haplotype. Distribution of different haplotype systems in population and their significance in the application of forensic medicine were statistically analyzed.Results1. Denomination and Classification of Y -STR loci allele Samples of sequenced alleles were used as standards, mixingtheir PCR products to make the allele ladder. Different Y - STR loci alleles were denominated by their repeats numbers, which were detected by sequencing. Detected samples and Ladder were added synchronously during PAGE. Compare the bands to classify and denominated them.2. Distribution of different Y - STR loci allele in Han, Tibetan and Japanese populationDYS 3927 alleles were detected in the 3 populations. 4 in Han, DP =0. 7152; 6 in Tibetan, DP =0.7454; 5 in Japanese, DP =0.6324. DYS 393 6 alleles were detected in the 3 populations. 5 in Han, DP =0.6980; 2 in Tibetan, DP-0.5075; 5 in Japanese, DP =0.5406.DYS 3907 alleles were detected in the 3 populations. 4 in Han, DP =0. 6061; 2 in Tibetan, DP=0.7006; 5 in Japanese, DP =0.7481.DYS 196 alleles were detected in the 3 populations. 5 in Han, DP =0. 6980; 5 in Tibetan, DP =0.6495; 6 in Japanese, DP =0.7165.DYS 389 I3 alleles were detected in. the 3 populations. 3 in Han, DP =0. 6424; 3 in Tibetan, DP =0.6694; 3 in Japanese, DP =0.5932.DYS 389 II6 alleles were detected in the 3 populations. 5 in Han, DP =0. 7495; 3 in Tibetan, DP =0.5224; 6 in Japanese, DP =0.7884DYS 38513 alleles were detected, 47 allele group comprise of the alleles in the 3 populations-. 20 in Han, DP =0. 9525; 22 in Tibetan, DP = 0.8991; 31 in Japanese, DP =0.9579.3. Distribution of Y - STR haplotype in Han, Tibetan and Japanese PopulationA. Han PopulationYhl; 12 haplotypes were observed, Dp was 0. 8566. Yh2: 22 haplotypes were observed, DP was 0.9444. Yh3: 33 haplotypes were observed, DP was 0.9818. Yh4: 39 haplotypes were observed, DP was 0.9939. Yh5: 40 hap... |
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