| The sum of all kinds of economical relations based on special social material productive forces forms social economical structure. On the practical base of economical structure, laws, political superstructure and social ideology , namely, the sum of 4 social elements of productive forces, relations of production, political superstructure and social ideology are established, which form a social organism ,namely, social mode. One of historical materialism, social modes theory was established by Marx and Engels firstly putting it on the base of social structure's research .It aims to open out the inherent and certain relations of history development by analyzing the conflict of social elements, and at last it can draw a general law of society. To Marx, society is a complex system whose historical periods can be divided by different means. This is Marx's perspective of multi-latitude on social history, which includes: the opinion of 5 modes which divides history and has relations of production as standards; the opinion of 3 modeswhich divides history and has the social main body--man's development state asstandards. Though the 3 perspectives on history division are different, all of themcan not part from the fundamental base--social production forces, and the 3division standards complement one another dependent on one another and commonly form fundamental content of social mode theory. Furthermore, this paper talks about the methodology meaning of Marx's opinion on social development laws. Social development is the dialectical unity of talliing with laws and talliing with aim; social development way is the dialectical unity of the latitude of main body and the latitude of subject. Marx's opinion on social development laws has practical meanings to our country's economical reforming practice of social changing stage and is useful to position ourselves during the social changing stage and supply theoretic guide to the reform during the stage of socialist changing. |
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