Study Of The Residual Claims Of The Enterprise Human Capital

Human resource ,like material resource ,can dramatically propel thedevelopment of national economy .As long as 500 years ago , W. Pettypresent the theory of Labor economics in his famous work of PoliticalArithmetic ,which describe the view that human resource is valuable andcan create fortune for enterprise .With the evolvement of ages ,thedevelopment of national economy depended on human resource more andmore。As for the enterprise, the capital of it can be divided as humancapital and material capital. In the time of material being scare, thetraditional economists argued for that owner of the material capital takethe residual claim. Nevertheless, the situation began to change, for, withthe promotion of position of human capital of entrepreneur, entrepreneurbegan to claim residues with the start of payout policy. What's more, wecan see that not only the owners of material capital but also those ofhuman capital can play the roles of risk-takers, and that from lowerhuman capital to higher human capital, all of their owners may becomeinnovators or novelists. This series of changes makes peopleclear-headedly realize that corporate system assignment has evolvedforward so that Human capital's owner can claim residues. This paper isbased on the ideal that human resource should claim the residual anddescribes that reason and formation of it. According to the logic of this paper, it can be divided into two mainparts. The first of it mainly talk about the rationality of residual claim forhuman resource theoretically .Because the residual claim and humanresource are two key words for this paper, it is very important toformulate the definition and essence of the two. In the first part of thispaper, the author spend lot of words to elaborate the definition of theresidual claim, and then formulated development of residual claim .Inthe second part of it, the author first discussed about the development ofthe human resource theory thoroughly ,and then talk about the right ofhuman resource. How to practice the idea that human capital claims firmresidues? This paper's tentative argument is that: the total values of a firmdepends on it's human capital and material capital's values, and humancapital and material capital contribute to the firm values in proportion totheir respective values; according to the proportion, we can divideresidues between human capital and material capital; then we cut aparthuman capital's residues among all their owners depending uponindividual's human capital reserve (the amount of which can roughly bedefined by individual investment in human capital); finally, all theindividuals can acquire corresponding shares. Such a way may besomewhat abstractly theoretical. But such theoretical abstraction canundoubtedly explore a new path of research. When operating in practice,human capital shares firm residues by way of such forms as yearly-wage,reward and stock option. Yet, other more effective forms of claimingresidues expect more progressive research. As for state-owned enterprisereform, it's imperative. Therefore, at the last paragraph of this paper, Igive some advice on that when we let state-owned enterprise's humancapital shares firm residues, how we should arrange corporate systeminside the firm and how we should build institutional environment outsidethe firm. As for the character of this article,it can be said that there are lots ofclassical theory in this article to be based on, and the choice of the themeis somewhat unique and innovative . And the shortage of this article liesin that the practical research is not enough.