Liang Qichao Civil Rights Thought

Liang Qichao is a outstanding thinker of china in the modern times whose thought nearly refers to every field of social science, especially the civil rights thought is a great success of china's modern civil rights thoughts, which not only has summarizal arguments about western human rights and freedom of advanced Chinese people after the opinion war, but also opened the civil rights thought of the revolutionaries of the bourgeoisie.Liang Qichao' civil rights thought is a Chinese and Western culture mixing result. Different origins and different values of the two cultures merging together cause the complexity and flexibility of the civil rights thought .The Chinese origin of Liang Qichao's civil right thought are the Chinese traditional cultural resource and the people-centered doctrine.As a scholar contaminated in Confucianism's abmosphere for many years, Liang Qichao has more personal understanding to above two kinds of origins.Separation of powers theory, evolutionism thought, social agreement theory constitute the western origin of his civil rights thought and these three kinds of theories ouwpy the leading position of the thought field in both west and east. The civil rights thought of Liang Qichao has been consistently changed and revised during bis practice activity. In the period of WuXu Reform movement, Liang Qichao realized that the first step of promoting the civil right is to developing the people's intelligence. So that ,the development of people's intelligence , the gentry' intelligence and the official's intelligence formed the Liang Qichao' people-centered doctrine of this period. After the failure of this reform movement rethinking the last stage,Liang Qichao put forward the "innovating people" doctrine ,and his people-centered doctrine also changed to the main idea as to transform people and mould modern man. In this doctrine, Liang Qichao put forward the question of the relationship between social morality and private morality, and point out the important meaning of aggressive adventurous spirit. Also he explaned how to realize the human right and freedom in the circumstances of china. "Group" is an important word in Liang Qichao, thought, which made him look everything from the angle of collectivism. This is the greatest difference between Liang Qichao'civil rights thought and western human rights thought.