The Regime Concept, In Machiavelli

Reading the literatures by Machiavelli is an excruciating thing, especially for anybody who is exercised by the modern criterion of academy. Because we find it is impossible to systematically grasp his thought and the modern standard can't be applied to Machiavelli. His literatures seem to include everything which is referring to every aspect of the human's politics. If we want to systematically comprehend his political thought, it is necessary to find out a right portal. In the age of Machiavelli, we believe the people accepted the faith that the politics wasn't one of the subject, but it was foundation of all subjects and the human life. So, we can radically grasp and comprehend the affair of human being by dissertating the political live of human being. And the important thing of the political live of human being is the thought and practice of the polity. According to this, this article selects the part of Machiavelli literatures' Modern Polity to unscramble, and regards this as beginning of comprehending his literatures. So, the basal purpose of this article is investigating the Machiavelli's view of modern policy for beginning of comprehending his political thought, and finally comprehending the essence of human being affair.Machiavelli's view of modern polity has two idealistic sources: the first is the political thought of the classical political philosopher, which is mainly composed of ancient Greek's political thought, especially amply discussed many polity by Plato and Aristotle. Despite the ancient Romans achieved virtual breakthrough in practice, they still stickled in the field of ideas left over from the ancient Greek heritage. So, Machiavelli ideologically first liquidation of the system of government is thinking of ancient Greece. Secondly, it is the special plight of Machiavelli's era. All his political thought, including the construction of the Monarchy and Republic, is to put an end to the era of adversity and to find a solid road for the future of Europe politics. In this paper, the first part briefly review the major political thought before Machiavelli, including Plato's ideal model of polity and Aristotle's mixed model of polity. The second part is the main part of this paper, which analyzes the Machiavelli text's the Monarchy and the Republic of specific meaning. This paper holds that interpreting any ideologists' works must be based on their books, because when they wrote these works, they hid all the truth in them. And in all types of monarchy, Machiavelli dealt with the Pope monarchy as a core, namely, as the future of religion in European political role. Therefore, this paper singled out the Pope monarchy as an independent part to minutely discuss the Machiavelli's Christian issues. Machiavelli's modern polity is a new concept, it was because he had not only abandoned the ancient Greek "moral philosophy", but also offered his own solutions for the predicament and the new human beings of his era. The fourth part of this paper is discussing the cleavage between his thought and the political philosophy in ancient Greece, and the construction of future politics. Through the above analysis, we will find that today we have not yet been able to overpass the road to the modern state opened by Machiavelli, and there is no sign that we are no longer suitable for living in a modern state .When China encountered the world, we has been facing a problem: how to realize modernization. This is a inevitable problem that any Chinese scholars and politicians must face. So, the last part of this paper briefly discusses the "modernization path" of the domestic scholars, with a view to bringing this issue into the origin of the modern politics to rethink this issue.