Nozick State Theory

In the western politics philosophy liberalism is a system contains many kinds of values, liberty and equality are the most important of them. But along with expansion of the political freedom and the economic freedom, the wealth distribution has become increasingly unequal, liberty and equality's contradiction has become increasingly aggravated, this contradiction constituted the theme of western theories of social justice in the past 100 years. For the solution of this contradiction, as a representative of the equal liberals, Rawls emphasized equality on the basis of liberty, However Nozick strongly emphasized the value of liberty, he opposed any state intervention and redistribution, advocated a minimal state. Nozick's theory has aroused strong response and greatly pushed forward the development of western political philosophy.In the view of that, this thesis systematically expounds Nozick's theory of a minimal state and its significance. This thesis is mainly divided into five parts as following: In order to have a clearer understanding of his theory, the first part dwells on the t Topics significance and theoretical background, and the research status of Nozick's state theory at home and abroad. The second part analyses the relationship of Nozick's state theory and Contemporary Western countries theory. This part dwells on Contemporary Western countries theory, the development of liberalism's State theory and the innovation of Nozick's minimal state theory. The third part discusses the minimal state's core idea—right. The fourth part gives a specific analysis to Nozick's minimal state. First, in order to oppose anarchist theory and prove the necessity of the state, he use a manner of "invisible hand" to prove that the county can be born from state of nature without infringe people's natural rights; second, he use the "entitlement theory" (justice in holdings) to prove that everyone has the absolute property rights and any extensive state is Immoral.third,he though that as a framework for Utopia the minimal state is inspiring and attractive. Although his theory is powerful and challenging but there are some weaknesses and Contradictions in his state theory. The fifth part analyses all kinds of challenge to Nozick's state theory, These debates promote the development of Political Philosophy.Although are some weaknesses and Contradictions in his state theory, his theory has evoked repercussions in the areas of the theoretical and practical. Their arguments make up forward topics for western academic circles, which contribute much to the development of political philosophy. His theory on the rights of the individual, state functions, distribution, justice and other issues of thought-provoking. Therefore, Nozick's theory has cast enlightenment to the Human Rights state functions and distribution under the condition of socialistic market-oriented economy.