| With the increasing of aging society, the elderly people in China become more andmore and the proportion of the population is also growing. According to statistics, in2011the proportion of the elderly population is as high as13.7percent, thedemographic experts predict that by2015China’s population aged over60willaccount for one fifth of the world’s population. To2040, China entered the peakperiod of population aging,60-year-old elderly population will reach374million, andby2050, China’s elderly population will increase to400million, when the populationwill reach one-third of the country’s population. As to this special group of people,how to improve their happiness index is a question worth considering.Happiness index is a subjective well-being as a social evaluation index, is asubjective number of measuring the feelings of happiness. Happiness index and sportsparticipation are close to each other, research proves that sports participation canpromote happiness index through influencing physical health, mental health andsocial function. But the impact of sports participation on several dimensions ofpeople’s living standards of measurement, achievement, relationships, social securityand other participation and future happiness index is not revealed. In addition, therelationship between the time, frequency and intensity of sports participation andpeople’s happiness index do not explain.In this paper, I study the sports participation situation of the elderly in Shandongprovince, the happiness index and the relationship between them through literature,questionnaire, expert interview and mathematical statistics using urban elderly inShandong Province as the research object. The research results show that:1. Most of the urban elderly in Shandong province select a slight movement is51%.Their participation intensity of age, income, health, marital status, educational levelhas statistical significance (0.05level), while gender and living way has not; Up to36.8%of the elderly people exercise last31to59minutes. The time between itsinvolvement of the age, health status has statistically significant, but gender, income,living way has not; Activities once a day at most,35.9%. The frequency of theirparticipation in the health and marital status has statistical significant, but age, gender,income, living way, education level has not.2. Different sexes of the elderly have different score on satisfaction interpersonaland social participation, the difference is statistically significant, the others are not.The males’ score is54.20, females’ is55.58; The60to64age group has the highestscore,55.93; The monthly income of5,000yuan and above group has the highest score,59.17; The good health group’s score is50.75, the poor’ score is58.10; The livingwith their children group’s score is54.56, the other group’s score is55.15; The goodmarriage group’s score is56.43,the other group is49.59; The higher education grouphas the highest score,57.57.3. The urban elderly in Shandong Province who have sports participation isdifferent from those who don’t have sports participation on the following aspects: living standard, health, achievement, relationships, security, social participation,future protection and general well-being.4. The intensity, duration and frequency of sports participation can affect thevarious dimensions: the standard of living, health, achievement, communityinvolvement, and overall well-being of urban elderly happiness index in ShandongProvince. But its correlation is weak. Within a certain range it is positive while itexceeds it becomes different.We can get from the result:1. The sports participation intensity, duration and frequency are suite the urbanelderly physical condition of Shandong. Age, income, health status, marital status,level of education can affect the intensity of sports participation of the urban elderlyin Shandong while gender, mode of living can not. Age, physical health can affect theduration of the sports participation of the urban elderly in Shandong while gender,income, living way can not. Health status, marital status can affect the frequency ofthe sports participation of the urban elderly in Shandong while age, gender, income,living, education levels can not.2. In general the happiness index of Shandong urban elderly is on a high level. Thehappiness index of Shandong urban elderly can be affected by gender, age, income,health status, marital status, level of education and other basic factors. Whileeconomic income, health status, marital status, level of education are more importantthan the other factors. Way of living does not affect the happiness index of the elderly.The female happiness index is better than the male’s. As the elderly become oldertheir happiness index becomes lower.3. Sports participation can improve the elderly population’s happiness index.4. The intensity, duration and frequency of sports participation can affect thehappiness index. Within a certain range it is positive while it exceeds it becomesdifferent. A moderate amount of sports participation which is slight intensity, morethan half an hour a time and3-5a week has highest happiness index score. |
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