A Study On Physical Exercises And Happiness Of Urban Elderly In Jiangsu Province

Research Purpose:Happiness is a psychological state, characterized by a high level of living satisfaction, positive emotions and a low level of negative emotions. As an important index to measure whether the elderly’psychological health and living quality are fine or not, happiness has much to do with their living quality、psychological health and longevity. As the first province to enter aging society since 1986, there will have been 14.9479 million of elderly people over 60 in Jiangsu province by the end of 2013, accounting for more than 19.65% of the total population,4.85% higher than the whole country. In recent years, numerous researches from exercise psychology, aiming at improving the happiness of the elderly have found out that physical exercise is effective to their physical and mental health. The paper, with empirical study, tries to provide a theoretical and practical foundation of strengthening the sense of happiness by physical activities.The object and method of study:Based on the analysis of relationship between physical exercise and subjective happiness, as well as its predictors home and abroad,3600 old people over 60 years old with permanent city residence from 18 areas of 9 cities of Jiangsu province have been investigated by way of self-made demographic questionnaires,a series of scales of PE, happiness index, daily life ability and cognitive function, Except for the useless questionnaires, there are 3115 people examined. With SPASS21.0 software, these effective data are analyzed by one-way ANOVA and multiple regression to examine the influence of physical exercise on their happiness, daily life ability and cognitive function.The following conclusions:(1) Jiangsu urban elderly marital happiness, health, the existence of differences in the community activities; activities of daily living there are differences in the age, health, community activities; cognitive function in terms of age, education, marital status and health there is a difference; all demographic factors combined effect on happiness, activities of daily living, cognitive function are more significant.(2) the condition under control demographic variables, physical activity level city in Jiangsu well-being of older persons, activities of daily living and cognitive function have a significant impact, low levels of physical activity in the exercise more beneficial to the level of well-being promotion; the high level of exercise is more conducive to enhancing activities of daily living, and low, medium and high levels of physical activity in different exercises improve cognitive function tends to close with the extension of the effect of time.(3) physical exercise and its well-being,activities of daily living and cognitive function exist "dose-response" relationship. Specific manifestations of moderate intensity and duration 31-59 minutes each time,3-5 times a week, exercise duration of six months or more more conducive to upgrade and enhance the ability of daily life happiness levels; and be moderate 3-5 times a week, duration of six months or more of physical activity is more beneficial to improve cognitive function.(4) Performance of physical exercise on psychological mechanisms urban elderly Jiangsu happiness are:physical exercise can not only directly affect the well-being of older persons, Jiangsu city level, but also can affect their happiness level through activities of daily living and cognitive function mediating variables, and intermediary Effect of daily living is greater than the cognitive function.