| PAP refers that after some people bear a maximum or secondary maximum power load stimulus, the sport performance of subsequent explosive activities will appear an phenomenon of real-time improvement.The effect of PAP is influenced by the factors such as stimulus intensity and method, recovery time after stimulation and training level of research objects etc.This research is aimed at leading out the best combining form of several different load- knee angle combining forms containing the several factors of “load”“knee-angle”and“quench time”, in the back squat prestimulation exercise of PAP after the ability of shallow squat and vertical jump.This research recruited 10 subjects in all to participate in the experiment of this research, first tested the four basic indicators of subjects a week before the formal experiment: knee-angle 60°back squat 1RM, knee-angle 90° back squat 1RM, knee-angle 120°back squat 1RM and the height of objects shallow squat and vertical jump. The test content each time in the formal experiment stage is roughly the same, first let the objects jog for five minutes, then complete the dynamic stretching used in routine drills to warm up, then carry through the back squat prestimulation exercise of “knee-angle”which is scheduled on that day, the “load-knee”the back squat combining form designed by this experiment has the nine combining forms containing “load 75%1RM--knee-angle 60°”“load 85%1RM--knee-angle 60°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 60°”“load 75%1RM--knee-angle 90°”“load 85%1RM--knee-angle 90°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 90°”“load 75%1RM--knee-angle 120°”“load 85%1RM--knee-angle 120°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 120°”, in each experiment, the objects completed three groups of “load-knee”combining back squat scheduled on that day under the personnel protection, once for each group, one minute pause among groups, on the four time points of the third minute, the sixth minute, the ninth minute and the twelfth minute after completing the prestimulation exercise of the scheduled back squat, test the objects’ grades of shallow squat, vertical jump, reach jump, and recorded the test results of the objects, applied SPSS19.0 system to make variance analysis on T test and F test for the objects’ experiment data, and used multivariate analysis of variance to compare the influence of the three factors of load, knee-angle and quench time on PAP. Significance set as error probability less than 0.05 was significant, and error probability less than 0.01 was extremely significant.Research Results:(1)The back squat prestimulation exercise of four groups containing“load 75%1RM--knee-angle 60°” “load 85%1RM--knee-angle 60°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 60°”“load 75%1RM--knee-angle 90°”cannot lead to the PAP which has a significant promoting function for athletes’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability.(2)The PAP led by the back squat prestimulation exercise of two groups containing “load 85%1RM--knee-angle 90°”“load 75%1RM--knee-angle 120°”should have certain improvement function for athletes’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability but have not reached a significant improvement;(3)The PAP led by the back squat prestimulation exercise of three groups containing“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 90°”“load 85%1RM--knee-angle 120°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 120°”should have a significant improvement function for athletes’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability, the PAP led by the back squat prestimulation of the two groups of “load 85%1RM--knee-angle 120°”“load 95%1RM--knee-angle 120°” should has a extremely significant improvement function for athletes’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability.(4)In the instant influence of various factors of different “load--knee-angle”groups back squat exercises for shallow squat, vertical jump ability, both the load factor and knee-angle factor have extremely significant influence, but quench time factor has no significant influence on it.(5)In the aspect of load factor, the PAP led by load 95%1RM back squat prestimulation should have a maximum improvement effect on the objects’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability; In the aspect of knee-angle factor, the PAP led by knee angle 120°back squat prestimulation should have a maximum effect on the objects’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability; In the aspect of quench time factor, the PAP led by about the nine minutes after the back squat prestimulation should have a maximum effect on the objects’ shallow squat, vertical jump ability.Conclusion and Suggestion:This article finds there are three groups among them that have significant instant improvement function for shallow squat and vertical jump, through the experiment research of back squat prestimulation exercise of nine different load-knee groups, and the best quench time in each group that has a promoting function is also found out respectively. But among each group there exists certain difference, thus suggest the coaches and athletes adopt the knee degree close to 90 degrees and over 120 degrees, large load intensity of the 95%1RM back squat, when apply the back squat prestimulation of these groups to sport practice, in the quench time of about 9 minutes after the prestimulation practice, but should still mainly choose the best back squat combining form combined with the athletes’ actual situation.This article is still confined to the single action experiment of lower limbs explosive power in the aspect of PAP research and application, thus it still needs a further experiment and research in the promoting effect of athletes in the sport competition, therefore suggest the subsequent researchers can try putting the research focus on the PAP for the special physical fitness promotion in various explosive sport items. |
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