Virtual Measuring System Of The Heart Of Three-dimensional Ultrasound Study

Operation simulation systems can provide surgeons with equipments for training and simulation , and can be used in operation planning , operation exercising and real operations . One of the aspects of operation simulation systems is the 3D interactive measurement system.Using operation simulation systems in diagnosing congenital heart diseases can show the complicated 3D structures in the heart , and can do the 3D measurements and operation simulations , which can help the surgeons to diagnose and cure the diseases . This is an important trend in the area of clinical medicine . This study collaborates with Shanghai Children's Medical Center and Xinhua Hospital, and the research area includes using the virtual reality method in the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of children's congenital heart diseases , whose purpose is to provide surgeons with more intuitionistic results and measurement results , and can enhance the legitimacy and reliability of diagnosing . The research can make the ultrasound diagnosing method a much broader use in the clinical area .This thesis discusses these aspects of the research:1 . Filtering of ultrasound images . The basis of ultrasound 3D measurement system is the processing of ultrasound image data . This thesis adopts the anisotropic filtering method , restraining the speckle noise of ultrasound images , and preserving the important information of the images .2 . Segmentation of ultrasound images . The aim of ultrasound image segmentation is to automatically recognize cardiac muscles and cardiac cavities , preparing for the step of visualization . The main framework is the level set method which needs no re-initialization steps ; For the sake of reducing the iteration number , the initial level set function is fixed by the result of fuzzy c-means clustering ; And the area functional in the level set framework is corrected by a stop function which is controlled by the result of fuzzy c-means clustering . The segmentation results indicate that this method can classify cardiac muscles and cardiac cavities correctly .3 . 3D measurement in virtual reality . The main contents in 3D measurement system include the acquirement of coordinates of points , and measurement of 3D distance and area . This thesis realizes the interactive measurement in the environment of 3D visualization , and this explores the entire operation simulation system .The experiment materials of this thesis from Shanghai Children's Medical Center , including 20 children with normal heart, 41 children with congenital heart, and 10 swing heart models with ASD .