Studies On The Development Of Gametophyte And Embryo In Bolbitis Angustipinna And Its Related Species

This article selects multiple real feather fern Bolbitis angustipinna and B. subcordata as material, we use three methods: hydroponics and soil culture method and the improved Knop's culture medium solid plates to cultivate the two real fern gametophytes and select typical live material to gain the microstructure pictures, observe the two gametophyte development process and characteristics of the various developmental stages of the model in detail,and take advantage of the anatomical methods to observe genital organs and the development of embryo biopsy for continuously,a detailed analysis of two real fern zygotes, split ways of the first three times and appearance order of the first leaf and the first root, it provide a beneficial theoretical basis to the early fern embryological studies to a certain extent.Bolbitis angustipinna and B. subcordata spores are tan, single crack, the outer wall with a decorative pattern, germination Vittaria-type way, the type of prothallu,s development is Drynaria-type, B. subcordata trichome begins to appear in the filaments period,while that of Bolbitis angustipinna start to arise in the young trichomes period. Bolbitis angustipinna and B. subcordata antheridium devices are a basal cell, a ring cell, a cover cells.Their antheridium have all most the same developmental process basically,the cells form a central cell ,and a primary cell by the periclinal division, then the central cell division into a birth canal cell and a primary ventral cells,after that the primary ventral cell divides into a ventral canal cell and an egg. Real fern sperm of two are both spiral, spiral 2.5-3 circle. Sperm consists of the acrosome,the gross take, flagella, the sperm nucleus and cytoplasmic components.The development process of embryo in Bolbitis angustipinna and B. subcordata Sochott is basically the same. Zygocyte was firstly split along the X fracture face. It is formed two daughter cells which arranged from top to bottom. After the second division of the two daughter cells along Z axis,the embryo is consisted of four cells.The third division is along Y axis then the 8-cell embryo is produced.So the early embryo divisions of the two species is XZY-Type. When the sixteen cell embryo development reaches a certain size, the embryo on the outside and the outer regions are produced under the top of the first leaf cells (L1Ac) and the first root tip cells (RAc), then the two were to form the first leaf and the first development root, apical cell of the first root breakthrough calypter before apical cell of the first leaf,then it developed into first leaf. It is believed that the developmental sequence of vegetative organs is root and leaf earlier than stem in Bolbitidaceae.Based on the results, we discuss Bolbitis angustipinna and B. subcordata embryo development model and its systematic significance.This paper showes 50plates, including 281 microscopic photos in total and 139 references.