Glycerol 1,3 - Propanediol

Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an important material in chemical industries, which is widely used as a potential intermediate in cosmetic, medicine and monomer industries.1,3-PDO has a prospecting market in the next time.Methods of acrolein and epoxy were synthesized to 1,3-PDO in industry. But these two methods of material come from petroleum. It is important to discover renewable resource as source energy used up. Industrial product biodiesel while make a lot of glycerin, and glycerin become the renewable resource to product 1,3-PDO.Two modified route to prepare 1,3-PDO were developed in this dissertation. The influence of the factors were also studied. The structure of the target compound was determined with FR-IR and 1HNMR.Route I:1,3-propanediol was synthesized starting from glycerol by chloration, cyclization and hydrogenization. The optimum conditions: Chloration was run with ether as solvent at 90℃for 3.5 h, the yield of chloration was 89.6%; Cyclization was operated with dichloromethane as solvent,ω(sodium hydroxide)= 40% at 0℃for 1.5 h, the yield of Cyclization was 85.5%; After optimize the reaction conditions with hydrogenization of red-Al, the overall yield was 64.8%; and optimize the reaction conditions with hydrogenization of H2, the overall yield was 31.1%.Route II:1,3-propanediol was synthesized from glycerol by chloration, oxidation, Clemmensen reaction and hydrolysis. The optimum conditions:for chloration:toluene as solvent at 130℃for 4 h, the yield of chloration was 87.3%; for oxidation:n (1,3-Dichloroacetone):n (sodium dichromate)=1.8:1 at 23-27℃for 5 h, the yield of oxidation was 80.7%; for Clemmensen reaction:n (1,3-Dichloropropane):n (zinc) =1:1.2, ether as the solvent at 95℃for 6 h, the yield of Clemmensen reaction was 77.8%; and for hydrolysis:the yield of hydrolysis reaction was 84.5% with NO.3.2.5.2 method. After optimize the reaction conditions, the overall yield was 46.3%.These two methods of materials are cheap and renewable, intermediate product easy purification, reaction conditions simple operation, and high yield. Provide theoretical basis for industrialized production.