Analysis And Assessment Of Typical Petoleum Contaminants In Oilfields And The Ecological Impact

Petroleum has been used as a crucially important source of energy ,and its ranges of application are still increasing, and so as its consumption. During the exploitation, refining, reposition, transporting and using of petroleum, because of the limitation of technology and dealing techniques, large amounts of petrolic waste liquid, solid and gas are being poured into the environment inevitably, thus having a severe impact on the whole eco-system. Therefore, the analysis and research of typical petrolic pollutants of oilfield and their influences on the surroundings are playing a significant role in the controlling of oilfield pollutant sources.This article takes a specific oilfield as an example and analyze and identify the typical petrolic pollutant sources with modern analysis techniques and environmental standards, make it clear that what kinds of pollutants they are, and also their polluting means and ranges. We work out the moving laws of typical oilfield pollutants and their effects on eco-system by experiments and mathematical modeling.(1)By analyzing the environmental geography of oilfield and the exploitation technology of petroleum briefly, and doing research on the emergence, constitution and characteristic of the pollutant created during the process of exploitation of oilfield in detail, we adopt the one-factor index method of pollution, the environmental standard of our state and the background value of soil. With these means, we can identify and evaluate the typical petrolic pollutant sources generated during the process of exploitation, and study three main typical sources, such as the waste liquid of production testing, the waste water of fracturing and the filter materials. What's more, we can get the analysis of the creation, amount and composition of the three mentioned above, and so as the effects on the oilfield environment. It has been testified that the main typical pollution sources during the exploitation of oilfield are production waste liquid, such as production testing waste water, oil production waste water and fracturing waste water. Besides, organic petrolic pollutants such as the waste solids created during the process of drilling and filter materials are also included.(2)From the point of numerical simulation theory, we have a study on the moving means and features of the petrolic pollutants in oilfield soil environment, and combine with the experiment results and numerical simulation, we find out the fact that they are featured by the following characteristics: oil fell on the ground is mainly gathered the surface of oil, within the depth of 3 meters beneath the surface. The peak content depth range is 0-1.8 meters, and with the increasing of depth, it decreases sharply, which will not pollute the deep part of soil.(3)By studying the environmental perniciousness and behavior caused by typical pollutants, we can get the conclusion of their roles played in soil, water and atmosphere, which is of profound importance in achieving the goals of high efficiency production of petroleum industry, environmental protection, decreasing pollutants amounts and protecting the eco-system.