| The current worldwide energy is shortage,crude oil prices rise again and again. As well as fuel-related environmental issues are very serious. Renewable energy research and development, and the relationship between energy and the environment research are widely concerned by people. Existing studies have confirmed that biodiesel is a kind of renewable, clean energy. And the water adding in the diesel can have a very good effect on reducing pollution. Through expounding the current energy situation,this subject first states the relationship between energy and environmental problems, and then analyzes the research and application situation of biodiesel and emulsified biodiesel at home and abroad. Finally, the subject puts forward the important research value and research details of emulsified biodiesel.Existing study on our research group have shown that the cost of preparing palm-biodiesel is very expensive. When the bodiesel applicated in diesel engine, the effect of energy-saving and reduceing pollutuants is not significant. Based on this study,the subject do the further research,and in order to solve these problems.The subject do the further research on the palm oil preparing for biodiesel. The palm oil preparing for biodiesel optimum is taken considerations, which is optimized by orthogonal test and validate experimental results. The experimental results show that refined palm oil and ethanol with NaOH as catalyst are suitable for biodiesel synthesis. The best conditions are as follows:Best ratio of methanol to oil molar is 8:1; the optimum amount of catalyst is 0.6%; best reaction temperature is 40℃; reaction time is 1h; Stirring rate is about 1300r/min. Under these conditions, the validate results show that biodiesel yield was 98.03%. The physical and chemical properties of bio-diesel test analysis showed that the main element was ethyl esters, ethanol can not be checked out. Parts of physic chemical indexes were also analyzed, the indexes were confessed to "ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL STANDARD OF BIODIESEL BLEND STOCK FOR DIESEL ENGINE FUELS" (GB/T20828-2007).This paper, based on enough homemade biodiesel, study the emulsion stability of biodiesel in experiment by single factor experiment evaluation system to evaluate the effect on the stability of emulsion stability of biodiesel by the density of two phase, blends with emulsifier, HLB, mixed with water, emulsification temperature and stirring speed. The results show that the best syntheses of emulsified biodiesel conditions are as follows:the approximation for two phase density is 0.900g/ml, emulsifier formula for TX-100, span80, HLB is 6.0, mixed with water to 10%, and stirring speed to 2000r/min, emulsification temperature is 40℃. Experiments also show that the emulsification biodiesel, made in the above conditions, have high stability compared with other similar research, which can sable more than 121 days. Meanwhile, optical microscope observation shows that the emulsified biodiesel made in the above conditions is W/O emulsion.The engine test-bench achieves bellow results:Full load speed characteristics:the application of pure emulsified fuel B1100 in cylinder direct injection diesel engine,the average maximum output power, average torque point, average smoke and average temperature were lower than the value of the diesel (below:15.6%,15.6% 57.2% and 24.6%); the average fuel higher than diesel 44.7%. The application of pure emulsified fuel B110 in cylinder direct injection diesel engine,the average maximum output power, average torque point, average fuel were higher than the value of the diesel (higher:12.1%,11.4% and 9.6%). Average smoke and average temperatures and were lower than the value of the diesel Separately below 2% and 19.4%. Therefore the application of subject homemade emulsified biodiesel in small scale in diesel engine can be obtained the dynamic properties of fine and emission performance, and has certain economic value.Load Characteristics:Speed for 1600r/min, the average of fuel of B1100 and B110 were higher than diesel 48.9% and 23.1% respectively.And the average of smoke of B1100 and B110 were lower than diesel 49.6% and 1.8% respectively. Speed for 2000r/min, the average of fuel of B1100 and B110 were higher than diesel 41.7% and 18.5% respectively.The average of smoke of B1100 was higer than diesel 12.4% and the average of smoke of B110 was lower than diesel 1.03%. The same speed, different torque point, the exhaust temperature of 0# diesel was higher than the emulsified biodiesel. The fuel consumption of accounting and economic accounting shows:pure biodiesel emulsion when applied to diesel engine fuel consumption is less than the amount of diesel fuel. According to the current market price, emulsified biodiesel production costs is lower than the market prices of Palm biodiesel and pure diesel, the pure emulsified biodiesel has objective economic value and industrialized application prospect. |
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