| Chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) is a high-saturated-chain elastomer material, which is obtained by chlorinated and chlorosulfonated from polyethylene. It is a high-performance special rubber widely used,which possess weather resistance, aging resistance, flame resistance, chemical reagent resistance, good mechanical properties and excellent electrical insulation performance. However, because CSM is a saturated rubber with polar side group, low temperature performance is poor. Moreover, Permanent deformation is large and dynamic performance is instability, which limite the applications of CSM. So it is meaningful that we research high integrated performance of CSM. The study discussed the plasticized system, the flame retardant system, curing system and the short fiber reinforced system of CSM, and the impacts of CSM by rare earth oxides were explored. The main results as follows:(1) Relative to the plasticizer DOP, TP-95 and TP-90B, plasticizer TOTM was best for CSM.It not only reduced the glass transition temperature and brittleness temperature to improve rubber's low temperature performance, but also had a big impact on the mechanical properties. Meantime, TOTM was less volatile and migration, anti-aging properties of composite materials have also been protected. With TOTM increased, low temperature perform and anti-aging properties were better, but it had a little effect on the mechanical properties and flame-retardant.(2) Nano-Mg(OH)2 can be used as flame retardants, it has a dual role: on the one hand, nano-Mg(OH)2 can suppress smoke and stop flame; on the other hand, as nano-filler, it can effectively improve the mechanical performance of CSM rubber by nano-enhanced. If you want to achieve high flame resistance, nano-Mg(OH)2 will be filled in to reach 100phr or more. the compound will decrease the elongation at break and low temperature performance, increase the hardness. So we added Sb2O3 in the CSM, which has a synergistic flame retardant effect with chlorine in CSM matrix, greatly improving the flame retardancy, while other properties of rubber almost no impacted. Therefore, nano-Mg(OH)2 and Sb2O3 were used to achieve the best results.(3) There are many curing systems of CSM. With D2,5 and HVA-2 curing system, vulcanized rubbers had the best integrated performance.The former's anti-aging was better than the latter, whereas the elongation modulus of the latter was better than the former. Relative to the first cure, the properties were better with post cure under 150℃. The best curing temperature of D2,5 was 170℃, and HVA-2 was 160℃. According to different formulas, there was also the best cure time. (4) CSM rubber can be reinforced by the short fibers, there were obvious effects of adding a small amount. when the short fibers were 3 phr, the rubber's elongation modulus had increased by 100%-300%. There were different effects on vulcanizates with different short fibers, the reinforced effects of aramid fibers and nylon fibers were better than polyester fibers and aramid pulp; for the hot air aging properties, the polyester fibers and nylon fibers were better than aramid fibers and aramid pulp; nylon fiber gave a minimal impact on the brittle temperature, and polyester fibers, aramid fibers and aramid pulp and wrer following. In a word, nylon fiber brought the best properties of CSM.(5) Rare earth oxide has some influence on the performance of cured CSM. It increased the basic mechanical properties, thermal stability and anti-aging of cured rubber, whereas the brittleness temperature was reduced. The effect of Gd2O3 was better than Sm2O3, with the increase of the content Gd2O3, mechanical properties, thermal stability and anti-aging were slowly grown, while the brittle temperature decreased significantly. |
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