Preraration And Properties Of Carbon Nanofibers And Their Composites

During these years, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been received increasing attention due to their low density, high intensity, large surface area and its good conductivity, high length-diameter ratio, excellent absorption ability. CNFs are also one of the perfect support materials and provide path for free-electrons which made it widely used in cells and photocatalytic fields. This paper uses its high surface area and strong conductivity to prepare carbon nanofiber composites materials, at the same time, this is one of the important research direction of carbon composite materials.Environmental problems have become a worldwide problem which should not be neglected, with the development of industry, how to deal with the pollution has become one of the important direction of scientific research. Photocatalytic technology is a green and directly methods which can react deeply at room temperature. Various organic pollutants can be changed into inorganic. During the past decades, various photocatalytst has been widely used, especially semi-conductor materials. cerium oxide (CeO2) is one of these with its unique catalytic ability, attracted people's attention.In this paper, electrospinning technology is used in preparing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers, after preoxidation and high temperature carbonization process the high quantity CNFs was prepared. Directly prepared CNFs'surface have less functional groups, in order to solve this problem, CNFs are soaked in 65% concentrated nitric acid to introduce carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the ends and sidewalls of the fibers, which will provide the active site for photocatalyst to set on.The pre-treated CNFs are used as template materials, CeO2 can be composited on CNFs successfully via hydrothermal methods. The CNFs / CeO2 compound material is characterized by SEM,TEM,XRD,FITR and so on. Besides, I also studied the catalytic properties of the compound material. The results presents that the ratio of solution has important effect on the size, morphology and degree of dispersion.Under UV, Rhodamine B solution can be degradated by this compound material which has high ability in the catalytic reaction. The compound of CNFs and CeO2, avoid the nano-photocatalyst particle gathered, increased contact area, conductive the electronic away, which greatly improve the efficiency. This kind of new-style composite materials will provide the reference for new materials and I sincerely hope this can contribute for pollution treatment.