The Preparation And Character Of The Functional Nanofibers By Electrospinning Technique

In recent years, one-dimensional (1D) nanostructural materials such as nanorods, nanowires, or nanofibers, have been actively studied due to both scientific interests and potential applications in nanodevices and functional materials. Recently, Electrospinning technique has been used as a simple and versatile method to obtain of continuous fibers with diameters down to a few nanometers. The method can be applied to synthetic and natural polymers, polymer alloys, and polymers loaded with nanoparticles, or active agents, as well as to ceramics.. Fibers with complex architectures, such as core–shell fibers or hollow fibers, can be produced by special electrospinning methods. It is also possible to produce structures ranging from single fibers to ordered arrangements of fibers. The as-prepared inorganic nanofiber mats possess small fiber diameters and porous structure, which will result in a high specific surface area that is beneficial in a wide variety of applicants. Electrospinning is not only employed in university laboratories, but is also increasingly being applied in industry.The scope of applications, in fields as diverse as optoelectronics, sensor technology, catalysis, filtration, and medicine.In this paper, the series of functional nanofibers were prepared by using sol–gel processing and electrospinning technique. As followed(1)Preparations of Metal Oxide nanofibers: NiO, Co3O4, CuO, Mn3O4, MgO and ZrO2 nanofibres with a diameter of 50-200nm could be successfully obtained by using PVA/inorganic component composite electrospun fibers as precursor through calcinations. The above fibers were further investigated by TG-DTA, XRD, FT-IR and SEM, respectively. The results showed that the crystalline phase and morphology of the fibers were largely influenced by the calcinations temperature.(2)Preparations of Metal Oxide composite nanofibers: A series of Metal Oxide composite nanofibers were successfully prepared by employing electrospun and gol-gel technique. First, a precursor mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/cobalt acetate/nickel acetate, (PVA)/silica/ nickel acetate or PVA/silica/ nickel acetate Zinc was prepared and electrospun nanofibers of them were further made by electrospinning methods. After calcinations of the above precursor fibers, NiCo2O4, NiO/SiO2, ZnO/SiO2 composite nanofibres with a diameter of 100-200nm could be successfully obtained. The fibers were investigated by TG-DTA, XRD, FT-IR and SEM, respectively. The results showed that the crystalline phase and morphology of the fibers were largely influenced by the calcinations temperature.(3) Ag/SiO2 and Ag/TiO2 composite nanofibers were fabricated through a two-step method: First, SiO2 or TiO2 nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning of PVA/silica or TiO2/PVP composite with a further calcination at 700oC. Then, SiO2 and TiO2 nanofibers were transferred into the Ag(NH3)2+ solution. After the oxide-reduced reaction by Sn2+ and CH3CHO, .Ag coted SiO2 or TiO2 nanofibers were obtained finally.(4) Carbon nanofibers were prepared by the stabilization and carbonization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers which were obtained by electrospinning technique. The prepared nanofibers tissue was test as the Anode Material of Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries。.(5) The bioglass nanofibers with a weight ratio of SiO2 50%-NaO 22.5%-CaO 22.5%-P2O5 5% were successfully prepared through electrospinning technique. The precursor mixture of polyvinylalcohol (PVA)/inorganic components was firstly fabricated into electrospun nanofibers, and then a calcinations treatment was followed. Finally, the bioactive nanofibers with diameters ranging from 80 to100nm were obtained and their bio-activities were further investigated in SBF.(6) Investigations of highly ordered nanofibers, core-shell structured nanofibers and Multiple spinnerets technique were performed and discussed.