Synthesis And Application Of Phosphate Ester Flame Retardant For Jute Fabric

Jute fiber is a natural and renewable cellulose fiber. Due to its excellent hygroscopicity, permeability, low cost, naturally antibacterial performance and environmental protection, it plays an important role in the production and application of fiber and widely used in the textiles industry such as clothing, packaging, ornaments and some other fields. However, the common jute fiber is inflammable, thus limiting its applied scope and potential application. Therefore, flame retardant jute fabric attracts more interest now.As the economic development and social progress, people make higher demand on ecological environment. The flame retardant is developing toward high effective, halogen free, low toxicity, low cost and light smoke in the future. In this paper, a surface spraying with ultraviolet ray (UV) radiation method, adopted in the process of jute fabric finishing, was used to solve the problems of fabric shrinkage and experimental wastewater discharge commonly existing in the current flame retardant treatment of jute fabrics. Three kinds of flame retardants containing phosphorus were synthesized from propenol, phosphorus oxychloride, methyl alcohol and sprayed onto the surface of jute fabric, respectively. After drying and baking, the flame retardant jute fabrics were obtained. The effecting factors on the yield were discussed, and the optimal reaction conditions were pointed out.Combustion experiments were carried out according to GB/T5455-1997Textiles-Burning behaviour-Oxygen index method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the structure, morphology and crystallinity of treated jute fabric, respectively. The tensile strength and coefficient of elongation of jute fabric were tested on high-temperature tension tester controled by microcomputer. The formation mechanism of the functional layer was that UV radiation promoted the generation of free radicals on the surface of jute fabric, which is a necessary prerequisite for the graft of allyl dimethyl phosphate onto the surface of jute fabric, leading to the formation of flame retardant functional layer containing valence bond. As a result, the modified jute gained lasting flame retardant effectiveness. After intensive study, the results indicated that as flows:(1) The optimum reaction conditions for the synthesis of allyl dimethyl phosphate and trimethyl phosphate were determined using diethyl ether as solvent, triethylamine (TEA) as the acid binding agent introduced by dripping slowly, the yield up to80%.(2) The optimum reaction conditions for the synthesis of polypropylene dimethyl phosphate were determined as75%dosage for monomer of allyl dimethyl phosphate,4%dosage for KPS, microwave treatment for6min under 550W.(3) The initial decomposing temperature of flame retardant jute fabric decreases a little bit while its thermal decomposition rate reduced obviously. The residual char amount of flame retardant jute fabric was marked increased at600℃. The heat release and heat liberation intensity of flame retardant jute fabric were decreased greatly.(4) The LOI value of original jute fabric was19%. After flame retardant treatment, the LOI value rose to35%.which transformed the inflammable fibers into flame retardant ones. After washing5times, the LOI value of flame retardant jute fabric was greater than30%. So the flame retardant jute fabric had remarkable flame retardant performance.(5) The tensile strength of flame retardant jute fabric reduced with the increase of flame retardant.The best flame retardant performance with better tensile strength was obtained with50wt%loading of flame retardant.