Study On Process Of Degumming And Spinning Of Abaca Fiber

China is rich in the resources of banana and abaca fiber,each year more than 2,000,000 tons of abaca stems and leaves,from which more than 100,000 tons fiber can be extracted,were discarded. So the potential for development and utilization of abaca and banana fiber is great.However,as the preparation technical of abaca fiber has not broken through.At present,the fineness of abaca fiber is only 5 - 2tex,which can only be used for the production of ropes and sacks,and other low-grade products,the development and utilization of abaca is limited.In this paper,the quantitative analysis of the abaca stem fiber's chemical composition was done,and the chemical degumming mechanism of abaca fiber was discussed,on the basis of these analyses and the degumming way of hemp stem fiber,with considering the characteristics of abaca stem fiber,trying to find out a chemical degumming process for abaca stem fiber.Basic physical properties and configuration of abaca fiber were studied;At last,the spinning performance of the abaca fiber was discussed.Through the analysis of the study,this text concluded that:(1)Through the quantitative analysis of abaca stem fiber's chemical composition,concluding that:abaca stem fiber contains cellulose around 60%,the lignin about 12%,semi-cellulose about 25%,from the chemical composition of abaca stem fiber,we can see that the component of abaca stem fiber's pectin is lignin and hemi-cellulose;(2) Due to comparatively coarse and rigidity of abaca stem fiber, this text has developed a process of oxidation first,alkali liquor degumming after and then treatment after degumming.Following is the chemical degumming process line:sample preparation -oxidation - washing - alkali liquor degumming - acid washing-washing - ultimate treatment - washing - beating - washing - loosing - dehydration - oiling - dehydration - drying -opening;(3) In the oxidation process,oxidation's concentration and time were carried out;In the process,single-factor experiment of alkali liquor degumming concentration and alkali liquor degumming time were carried out.Single-factor test ascertained the scope of each factor,and on the basis of pre-test,this text concluded following technology:H₂O₂ dosage:10%,oxidation time:3h,NaOH dosage: 10%,alkali liquor degumming time:4h; (4)This test used the best technology,concluded by pre-test,as the central point of experiment.The optimization experiment results showed that the optimal chemical degumming techniques for abaca stem fiber:H₂O₂ dosage:9.6822%,NaOH dosage:9.4891%, alkaline boiling time:4.2315h;Fiber performance:pectin rest: 4.98%,intensity:4.73cN/dtex,fineness:0.57tex.Optimization results validate the result of preliminary experiment:the best techniques close to the center experimental points;(5)The density,measured by gravity bottles,of abaca fiber is 1.45g/cm³;Abaca fiber have good performance of moisture release and.Under the conditions-temperature at 20℃±2℃,relative humidity at 65%±3%,absorption balance time is about 180min,to regain a balance of about 8.57 percent,release balance time is about 270min,to regain a balance of about 12.87 percent;(6)The pictures of optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that abaca fiber smooth in vertical, cross-section are oval and round with cavity;(7)Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the characteristics of abaca fiber similar to the cellulose fiber,the degree of crystal is about 56.01 percent and the orientation is about 0.799;(8)The result of pure and blended yarns of abaca fiber spinning test showed that:after the appropriate pre-processing,abaca fiber can have a good spinning performance to make out high quality pure and blended yarn.Abaca fiber is a new kind of natural cellulose fiber,in this paper,basic research have done on the performance of abaca fiber and yarn.There is some progress,but there are still many deficiencies,this need in-depth study in further.