The Characteristics And Formations Of Organic Pollutants In The Shallow Groundwater In Huaihe River Basin

Recently, more and more reports have showed that the environmental pollution in the Huaihe River has done serious harm to human health. Concerned preliminary researchs showed that the high cancer incidences in the Huaihe River basin were connected with the local environmental pollution. Especially, people had attached much importance to organic pollution in the shallow groundwater.In our study, 194 shallow groundwater samples were collected from 15 counties including 2 major areas in the Huaihe River basin; Multi-analysis techniques, such as SPE-GC-MS and P&T-GC-MS, were used to analyze 82 kinds of organic pollutants (SVOCs, VOCs , OPs) . The organic pollution characteristics and formations were mainly analyzed, according to the local environmental background. The main results were as follows:(1)21 kinds of organic substances in 5 categories were checked out, including 2 kinds of phthalates, 4 kinds of PAHs, 6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides, 7 kinds of hydrocarbons, 2 kinds of mononuclear aromatics. The detected rates of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, naphthalene and phenanthrene were high, but others were low. The concentrations of the detected organic substances were almost low. The concentrations of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in 9 points, including 4 points in the Suzhou county, and 5 points in the Xuyi county, were beyond the limits of the United States and China. The highest concentration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and carbon tetrachloride exceeded the limit of the United States and China two times and eight times, respectively. At large the pollution of organic pollutants in shallow groundwater in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River (Ying River, Guo River and Kui River) , was more severe than Yisisu Rive .(2)The organic pollutants characteristics in the shallow groundwater in Suzhou county and Xuyi county were as follow: the detected rates of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and PAHs were high, but the concentrations were low along the river and having a trend of decrease cross the river. The detected rates and concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides and hydrocarbons were low. The organic substances pollution in the shallow groundwater in the upstream was more severe than that in downstream. And the main organic pollutants were phthalates and PAHs in the shallow groundwater of the two places.(3)Compared with the two major areas, the deteted concentrations and rates of organic pollutants in the shallow in the Xuyi county were more severe than those in the Suzhou city. In the Suzhou city, the contamination of PAHs and phthalates was severe in Langan town and in Yangzhuang town, respectively. In the Xuyi county, the contamination of phthalates and PAHs was severe in Baoji town and Tiefo town.(4)The organic pollution characteristics in shallow groundwater in 13 counties were as follow: the detected rates and concentrations of hydrocarbons and mononuclear aromatics were low, but those were relatively high near the river. And the main organic pollutants were phthalates and hydrocarbons.(5)The results about the organic pollution formations analysis in shallow the groundwater in the Huaihe River basin were as follow: the phthalates and PAHs pollution of surface water in the Huaihe River basin led to banded pollution of shallow groundwater. The high concentration of phthalates in several points might result from the punctiform pollution caused by the solid waste and sewage. The organophosphorus pesticides pollution in the shallow groundwater in the Suzhou county and the Xuyi county was caused by the application of pesticide and fertilizer. The pollutions of hydrocarbons and mononuclear aromatics in the Huaihe River basin resulted from local point pollution.The pollution extent of the shallow groundwater was related to the pollution extent of the surface water and regional hydrogeology conditions.