Research On The Interaction Between Flowing Ice And Ice Boom In Canals

With the economic developments of our country, the needs for water of everyday life and industry are greater and greater year by year. As a result, the north areas which are famous for their drought have to face the question of water shortage more frequently. To solve that question, several canals have been built to transport water from Yellow River or Yangtse River to the north regions. However, these canals are all troubled by the flowing ice which is generated in the low temperature environment of winter. How to take measures to mitigate ice problems and certify the safety of canals is worthy of much attention.Based on the practical engineering, the mechanisms of ice jam/dam are discussed firstly in this paper, and various measures to mitigate ice problems in different countries located in cold regions are introduced. Then, the current worldwide researches on ICS which is the key point of this paper are reviewed.Considering the variety of ICS forms and environments where they are in use, comments on every type of ICS are given in Chapter Two, through which we can know how to choose the optimal ICS type in a given condition. In order to control ice in long canals, the applicability of ice boom is discussed. Methods to improve ice booms are given after reviewing the process of designing and utilizing them.A new form of ice boom is raised, and its prototype is tested in the Ice Engineering Laboratory of Tianjin University to view its effects on controlling flowing ice. Five cases are set according to project conditions, and different flow speeds are tested in some cases to view their effects on the prototype whose results can work as references for practical operating rules. All those are described in Chapter Three.Ice is a special kind of material, and its motion and piling up have always been the hard point in research. To optimize the design of ice boom, numerical method is necessary because of the high cost and long period of model tests. In Chapter Four, the process of ice boom controlling flowing ice is simulated using CFD package, and the applicability of utilizing VOF to simulate that process is discussed. Then, the law of hydrodynamic condition affecting the process is discussed.