Research On Outdoor Environment Construction In Kindergartens

Kindergarten is main place for children to take preschool education. The children's physiological and psychological characteristics decide the importance of children's outdoor activities in the kindergarten. So, in the kindergarten, outdoor activity becomes one of the major parts of education. Meanwhile, the creating of outdoor environment in the kindergarten plays a key role in carrying out the children's outdoor activities and the outdoor educations in the kindergarten specially. But the constructions of outdoor environment in middle-sized and small cities, especially less developed areas in our country, are actually not perfect enough. With the increasing attention to the preschool education in our country, creating a better outdoor environment of nursery school becomes the necessary require.The paper analyses the physiological and psychological requests of children as well as the relation between the activities characteristics and outdoor environment of kindergarten. So it provides some principles for creating the outdoor environment in the kindergarten. The paper regards the environment in kindergarten as the research object and is based on the characteristics of children's psychological and physiological behaviors. Also, it integrates the contents, goals and methods in preschool education and theories related to paedeutics, kidology, environics and landscape architectures. Furthermore, in the case of the Lishui kindergarten of Government, the paper, systematically, analyses the components of its outdoor environment and the ways of creating its landscapes including the site selection, the dealing with surroundings, the design of entrances, exits, the area for public activities and game instruments and the plants, then, proposes an idea that the natural characteristics of children should be taken into account when making an outdoor place for public activities, game instruments and so on, i.e. the principle of children first, integration of ecological, regional and other features in creating outdoor landscapes. So it realizes the harmony and fusion of the function of environment and outdoor landscape. Finally, the paper suggests that we should do our best to create a natural environment for children, match the fixed instruments and the flexible instruments, and avoid the trends as building a kindergarten into a park or a fairyland. In short, the paper provides some methods and can be used as reference to create a better outdoor environment in the kindergarten.