GIS-based Evaluation Of Soybean Growing Areas Suitability In China And Its Variation Trend Under The Future Climate Scenario

The food safety has becoming a focus of attention for the governments and people around the world with the emerging problems of global warming, environmental deterioration and population explosion etc. Especially China, who has the third largest land area, is in lack of average of cultivated land area because of the large population. It is of great importance to assess the good planting area for every kind of grain crops for the healthy development of national economy. In addition, develop the technology agriculture based on the good planting area for every kind of grain crop is essential to the environment protection and sustainable development.In this research, the soybean, one of the Chinese main grain crops, has been studied by adopting the multi-criteria evaluation method and making use of the geographical information system with the actual climate, soil and growing conditions. The good planting area for soybean has been got by establishing multiple linear regression equation suitable for the planting area and doing the grid computing in the ArcGIS Desktop software.The research mainly gets the following conclusions:(1) The best planting areas for spring soybean are concentrated in Heilongjiang, central plain of Jilin, southwest of Liaoning, southeast of Shanxi, central part of Shanxi, and southeast of Gansu, western part of Henan, northern part of Hebei and certain areas of Beijing in a zonal distribution. The good planting area for spring soybean in China is 5,960,271 km2, which takes 79% of the total.(2)The best planting areas for summer soybean are concentrated in southern part of Beijing, Tianjin, southern part of Hebei, eastern part of Henan, western part of Shandong, and northern part of Anhui, central part of Hubei and certain parts of Jiangsu. It is mainly concentrated in northeast china plain, Huanghuaihai plain and middle-lower Yangtze River plains, where have adequate rainfalls and sunshine. This is in coordination with the real soybean distributions. The good planting area for summer soybean in China is 5,286,643 km2, which takes 70% of the total(3) under future climate conditions, The very high level of spring soybean growing region mainly in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, near the southeastern part of Gansu and southern part of Ningxia.it's compared with the current condition, spring soybean suitability growing areas to move northwest. Future climate conditions, the Chinese suitable planting areas of Spring soybean is 5,957,960 km2, which takes 79.35% of the total.(4) under future climate conditions, The very high level of summer soybean growing region mainly in Western part of Jilin and Liaoning, Hebei, Beijing, eastern part of Shandong,, southern part of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, central part of Fujian, Anhui, southern part of Hunan, northern part of Guangxi, southeast part of Guizhou, Chongqing, Hubei and Shaanxi. The very high leverl of summer soybean growing areas is not significant changes in regularity, The region extending to the north of Liaoning, Jilin and Hebei, east to moving to the Shandong Peninsula, to the south moved to the Yangtze River. Future climate conditions, the Chinese suitable planting areas of summer soybean is 6,118,013km2,, which takes81.4% of the total.