Studies On Genetic Improvement And Healthy Culture Techniques For The Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus Japonicus)

Based on selection-breeding and cross-breeding techniques in agriculture and stockbreeding, and the traditional biological-breeding technology, this paper studied the techniques for selection-breeding healthy and high quality wild seeds of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). Furthermore, this paper also studied the optimal ecological conditions for cultivating the sea cucumber efficiently and healthily based on their life habits. Thereby, a perfect technology for selection-breeding healthy and high quality wild seeds of Apostichopus japonicus and selecting good environment conditions for cultivating the sea cucumbers efficiently and healthily is present in this paper. The detailed procedure is as follows:1. Selection of parentsFour combined groups of parents were selected from different regions of Shandong province:Yantai and Qingdao (Y×Q),Changdao and Qingdao(C×Q), Weihai and Yantai (W×Y),Qingdao and Weihai (Q×W); besides, there are three groups of assistance:Rizhao and Weihai (R X W), Rizhao and Yantai(R X Y), Rizhao and Changdao(R×C). The self-breeding groups from the same rejoin were selected as the control groups.2. Comparison of the growth characters of juvenile sea cucumber among all groups from different regionsAfter analyzing the hatch rate of oosperm, survival rate of auricularia, formation rate of doliolaria, metamorphosis rate and growth rate of the juveniles from all combined groups using Duncan's test and the Excel statistical ANOVA analysis softwares, the group taking on well growth characters was selected to be bred.3. Comparison of growth characters between the dominant groups and the control groupsThe growth rate and survival rate of the dominant groups and the control groups cultivated in ponds and deep wells were compared respectively. The results showed that the dominant groups of sea cucumber presented better growth characters than the control groups based on any cultivated methods, especially when cultivated in the deep wells.4. Comparison of growth characters of dominant sea cucumbers cultivated in different temperatures and salinitiesThe growth rate and survival rate of the selection-breeding groups cultivated in different temperatures and salinities were analyzed for determining the best environment conditions for cultivating the dominant group of sea cucumbers, which will provides theoretical basis for the breeding work in future. The results indicated that the growth rate of juvenile sea cucumbers could be apparently impacted by temperature and salinity. The proper temperature and salinity for cultivating dominant sea cucumbers are 20-25℃and 28-30 respectively.5. Cultivation of sea cucumbers with different modelsThis paper compared the growth rate and survival rate of the sea cucumbers cultivated with different models, and analyzed the influence of environment conditions (e.g. temperature, feed and salinity) to sea cucumbers. These studies will provide strong technical supports and theoretical basis for optimizing breeding models and building efficient and healthy breeding techniques.