Screening Of Trichoderma Koningii And The Selection Of Fermentation

Rice straw was the rich natural resource, but it could cause great loss and environmental pollution because of inappropriate use. In order to solve the problem of the major components of rice straw difficult degradated, the study used microbe to fermentate rice straw. The purpose of the research is to broaden feed stuff source and raise its quality by biologically transforming and utilizing recycle resources. In this paper,the rice straw had been fermented by microbe from the bacteria screening, the optimal conditions for fermentation and in vivo.First of all, the study selected a kind of cellulose decomposition bacteria that led to develop feed for theoretical foundation. Inside Yanbian University of Agriculture and pasture, samples were taken from the rotting straw. After carboxymethyl cellulose agar medium, filter paper medium screening, different capacity with the decomposition of cellulose bacteria was found. According to the hydrolysis circle diameter and colony diameter ratio, bacteria that broke down cellulose efficiently was screened and observed the group morphology and individual forms, then it was identified from physiological and biochemical characteristics. It was identified as Trichoderma Koningii. Its growth optimum pH, temperature, the number of days were measured, results showed that:the optimal pH of 5.5, optimum temperature 30℃,the best number of days is 6 days.The second, with straw and wheat bran as the main raw material, the optimal condition of solid state fermentation for Trichoderma Koningii to produce cellulose was studied by single-factor experiment. It included nitrogen source, inoculum amount, the usage of wheat bran, water content, fermentation time, fermentation temperature and initial pH that were studied. The results showed that the optimum culture medium conditions were as follows:nitrogen source was (NH4)2SO4, inoculum concentration 7%,wheat bran content 40%, water content 200%,initial pH value 5.0;the optimum fermentation condition were: fermentation time 96h,fermentation temperature 30℃.The third, using the Trichoderma Koningii mixed with yeast fermented straw to demonstrate that they were not antagonism each other and yeast could promote Trichoderma Koningii. Test showed that the optimum cultivate temperature was 30℃and the pH was 4.5. Orthogonal test showed add the yeast 70% in the third day was the best choice and the urea was added to 1%. Protein content of fermented material was 11.21% and reducing sugar content depressed to 20.65%.Finally, ruminal degradability of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose (CEL), and hemicellulose (HC)of alkali rice straw,microorganism fermented rice straw, common rice straw(control) were determined by nylon bag method in 3 adult Yanbian yellow cattles installed permanent rumen fistula. Experiment was designed with 3X3 latin square. The results indicated that as the time extended, the degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and hemicellulose increased. Between microorganism fermented rice straw and alkali rice straw almost had no significant difference. But they had notable differences with common rice straw.