| Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a perennial sub shrub of the mint family which is extracted various antioxidants are widely used in food processing, medical caring, cosmetology & health caring, etc. The conclusion was inferred through research on characteristic of seed germination and seedling growth:The laboratory study was made on seed weight , shape and germination 6index characteristics of 6 Rosmarinus officinalis. Rosemary seed was small and oval, rate of L/W was between 1.74～1.98, weight of 100 grains was between 0.12～0.18g. The weight of American groups was significant higher than European groups. In the germination tests, the index of germination energy and germination rate were significant influenced by provenances, light and temperature factors. Germination rate of group in 15℃/light condition was the higher then others in germination texts of environment factors. Germination rate of France group was the highest and the American group was the lowest. France group also spent most time (11 days) on germination which cost American group only 3 days on it. The germination rate had a similar variation trend to germination energy. Negative expression was found between rainfall in flowing season and germination rate, also in mean germination time and germination rate. Rainfall in flowering season and temperature might be the major cause of the differences of germination index characteristics among provenances. Analyzed by system cluster analysis six seed sources were classed into two groups (European and American groups) which showed very obvious regional correlativity of morphology and physiology.The field tests consisted of obviation both on seedlings and clones. Seedlings were being sowed in July, 2009, and it took 55 days for their emergence stage, then the seedling entry their initial growth stage. In the early growth stage, rosemary seedling grew slowly. The seedling grew fast when it entry into the high-speed growth stage, especially in seedling's height and canopy. Then the speeds of seedling growth slowed down and reach the maximum value in the last of growth stage. The result showed that the annual growth rhythm of seedling's height and canopy was shaped of "S" curve, which showed a different result of branch. The value of branch didn't increase quickly until the later growth stage of seedling growth and reached the maximum value soon. It is found that seasonal fluctuations of growth in the whole stage of seedling growth. The first flowing of seedlings was found in 12th month after sowing the seed and all the seedlings flowing after the 18th month.Rather than "S" curve shape of seedling's annual growth rhythm, a linear development was found in the growth of cutting seedlings'height and canopy. The change of branch of cutting seedlings was similar with seedlings; the speed of branch increase reached the maximum value in the last of seedling stage. Seasonal fluctuations of growth were found in cutting seedling stage too, especially in height and canopy, and the increase value of spring was significant higher than autumn.According to growth characteristics of the height, canopy and branch, seedling growth could be divided into four stages by sequential sample cluster analysis. Logistic curves were fitted separate with height and canopy; turn points were calculated to divide stage of each index, which was used to modify the result divide by sequential sample cluster a Seedling stage was divided into four stages: emergence, initial growth, high-speed growth and later growth.The changing trends of growth charactic was much the same in seedling growth test among provenances. It was found seasonal fluctuations variation of the height, canopy and branch. America provenance performed obviously in the test of growth test, and the biomass of which was higher than others. There was marked difference in the percentage of effective constituents among 6 provenances. Comprehensive analysis of seed and seedling's physiology and morphology index, a comprehensive evaluation was measured which showed that the America provenance was the optimal provenance. |
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