| Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is formally listed in the "food and drug" items by Chinese Ministry of Health. Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi contains many kinds of phenol components and nutrients such as isoflavones, starch, dietary fiber, protein and minerals, which implies its great value in developing nutritional supplement. However, up to date, the comprehensive application of Pueraria is still at the early stage, only a few components in Pueraria are extracted and the rest is discarded as waste. If the side product could be used as feedstuff of cows, Pueraria might become valuable resources of cow feeding.ObjectivesTo investigate the influence of Pueraria feeding on cow feeding behavior, digestive tract function, milk yield and composition. To find wether Kudzu could be a new type of feeding stuff resources for dairy cow and provide a new way for the comprehensive utilization of Pueraria.Methods1. Eighteen healthy Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation, which have resemble milk yield, lactation period and parity, were divided randomLy into two group: control group and experimental group.2. The analysis and evaluation of the nutrient content of milk:The Kieldahl method was used to determine the content of protein in the milk. The Rose-Gottlieb method was used to determine the fat content. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of copper, zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium.3. Single-factor experiments, response surface analysis were introduced in the optimization of the extraction process of the milk. The colorimetry method was used to determine contents of flavonoids in the milk.Results1. Kudzu powder added in the feed significantly increased milk yield, milk yield increased 2.0kg/day, compared with the control group increased by 9.02%. Milk protein and milk fat of experiment group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).2. The milk content of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper in the experiment group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).3. The optimum extraction of the milk conditions were as following:the microwave treatment time was 2.2min, the solid to liquid material ratio was 1:33.3, the ethanol concentration was 31.3%.4. The total flavonoid content of the experiment group was 30.598±0.975mg/L at the first week, followed by 31.409±0.515mg/L,32.522±0.755mg/L, and 32.733±0.740mg/L, for the second, third, and fourth weeks, while the control group was only 4.044±0.400mg/L. With feeding time increasing, the first three weeks of total flavonoid content was increased gradually, the changes were significant. Comparing with the third week, the fourth week total flavonoid content in milk was increased, but the difference was not significant.Conclusion1. The palatability of Pueraria as feedingstaff of cows was good, adding Pueraria into feedstaff can increase the feed intake of cows and milk production.2. Feeding Pueraria to cows can improve milk quanlity, such as the levels of fat, protein, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and total flavonoids.3. Response surface analysis (RSA) methodology was an effective method to extract flavone compounds from milk.From the above, cow could be an ecotypic transformator of Pueraria... |
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