| Undergoing long-term directional selection and artificial domestication, maize has lost most of the waterlogging tolerance. As the closest wild relative of maize, teosinte, which thrives in damp and cold conditions, keeps waterlogging tolerance related traits and has abundant waterlogging tolerance genes. Therefore, it is an effective pathway to improve waterlogging tolerance in maize by gene transfer from teosinte to maize. The waterlogging tolerance and recovery abilities after waterlogging were investigated through dry matter quality, morphology and physiological and biochemical indexes among maize inbred lines, teosintes and maize-teosinte hybrids in the present study. Our objectives were to provide the theoretical basis for transformation of waterlogging tolerance and cultivate the new resources of waterlogging tolerance in maize. The results showed as follows:1. After 14 days of waterlogging, the growth of materials was all restrained. Compared with the control of themselves, it showed that leaf area, plant height, root system and dry matter decreased. The analysis of waterlogging tolerance coefficients among materials showed that, under waterlogging conditions, leaf area of TZ04 and TZl1 was significantly larger than that of maize inbred lines, and hybrids F1 were all larger than their parents; plant height of TZ04 and TZl 1 was not different from that of maize inbred lines, and hybrids F1 were all higher than their parents; root system of TZ04 and TZl11 was significantly larger than that of maize inbred lines, and hybrids F1 were all significantly larger than maize inbred lines; dry matter of TZ04 and TZ11 was significantly larger than that of maize inbred lines, and hybrids F1 were all significantly larger than maize inbred lines. Getting rid of waterlogging, the recovery of TZ04 and TZ11 was significantly better than that of maize, and the recovery of hybrids F1 were in the middle of their parents. Considering various indexes, TZ04 and TZ11 had stronger growth ability under waterlogging conditions and had better recovery capability compared with maize inbred lines, which could be used for transferring or cultivating maize varieties that have waterlogging tolerance and recovery capability after waterlogging.2. After 14 days of waterlogging, the physiological properties of materials had changed. Compared with the control of themselves, most of them showed that the root vigor and chlorophyll content decreased, but the soluble sugar content of most materials were higher than control. The analysis of waterlogging tolerance coefficients showed that, under waterlogging, the root vigor of TZ04 and TZ11 was significantly higher than that of maize inbred lines, maize-teosinte hybrids F1 were higher than their parents,and Mo17×TZ04 was between with parents; the chlorophyll content of TZ04 and TZ11 was significantly higher than that of maize inbred lines, and maize-teosinte hybrids F, were between with parents; the soluble sugar content of TZ04 and TZ11 was significantly higher than that of maize inbred lines, maize-teosinte hybrids F1 were between with parents, and Mo17×TZ11 was higher than their parents. Getting rid of waterlogging, the physiological function of TZ04, TZ11 and maize-teosinte hybrids F1 recovered to the level of control in a short time, but maize inbred lines recovered slowly. Considering various indexes, TZ04 and TZ11 had stronger root vigor, chlorophyll synthetic ability, osmotic regulation ability and the recuperability compared with maize inbred lines, and these excellent characteristics could be transferred to maize by hybridization.3. Clustering analysis of comprehensive morphological and physiological properties showed that,l)After waterlogging, the experimental materials could be divided into four cluster groups including highly resistant to waterlogging, comparative resistance to waterlogging, enterococcus waterlogging and will not endure the waterlogging. B73 x TZ04 was highly resistant to waterlogging materials. TZ04, TZ11, B73×TZ11 and B73xMex were comparative resistance to waterlogging materials. Mo17×B73, Mo17×TZ04, Mo17×TZ11, Mol7×Mex and Mex were enterococcus waterlogging materials, B73 and Mo 17 were not endure the waterlogging. Getting rid of water, the experimental materials could be divided into four cluster groups, TZ04 had the strongest recuperability; the second was TZ11, Mex, Mo17×Mex and Mo17×TZ04; the third was B73×TZ04, B73×TZ11, B73xMex, Mo17×TZ11 and maize inbred lines, the worst was Mo17×B73. Comparison results showed that the waterlogging tolerance and recuperability of experimental materials had some relationships, but also had the relative independence. Taken altogether, TZ04 showed best, and maize inbred lines showed worst. |
PDF Full Text Request