| This study uses high humidity extrusion technology to soy protein isolated , fish meal, wheat flour as raw material, adding vitamins and minerals, testing produced a marshy type of feed ,and study this feed on its characters and the different characters of storage conditions .Feed was fed in this experiment .Of this feed on feeding, growth of Portunus trituberculatus .The main results are as follows:4. Explore the parameters of high humidity extrusion technology to produce crabs (Portunus trituberculatus) mixed feed1.1 Affection of adding fish meal to soy protein isolate in high humidity extrusion technologyThe experiment set various parameters of high humidity extrusion technology, isolated soy protein and fish meal at different ratios to stabilize the extrusion experiment .Experiment was divided into eight treatment groups of fish meal content increased as a trend are :Fish meal content of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%.Each treatment group of mixed ingredients 1kg.Test indicators are apparent uniform products, extrusion stability.30min to stabilize the extrusion as a stable extrusion .During the experiment the twin screw extruder parameters are:Ⅰ-Ⅴdistrict's extrusion temperature ,80-110-145-120-90 (℃), feed rate was 37.19 g / min ~ 64.96 g / min, screw speed 200r/min.The results showed that addition of fish meal limit is 80%, 50% began jet blast, 60% to 80% of the mixture out of the low level of organization after the product .Fish can not be organized, poor water holding capacity, with the addition of fish meal increased maximum water content of materials can be adjusted down .Hardness of the product increases, the elasticity decreases.1.2 Affection of add wheat flour to the high humidity extrusion technology production Study was carried out to fish meal and soy protein isolate to provide protein-based materials, which add 15%, 20%, 25% of the wheat flour, the humidity extrusion technology to produce organizational protein in the experiment .Test indicators are apparent uniform products, extrusion stability.30min to stabilize the extrusion as a stable extrusion .Experimental results show that in the materials added to wheat flour protein products to organizational characteristics have an impact .In the production process, with the addition of wheat flour increased, the product of the organization, hardness, coalescence, flexibility has declined .During the experiment found that the material systems of wheat flour, fish meal and soy protein isolate exists phase separation , and with the addition of wheat flour, this phase separation phenomenon is increasingly apparent .When wheat flour to add more than 25%, maximum moisture content of materials can be adjusted down, the product worse, can not form a stable extrusion products.5. Physical properties of crabs(Portunus trituberculatus) mixed feed which produced by high humidity extrusion technology2.1 Affection of different storage conditions to the characters of crabs mixed feed which produced by high humidity extrusion technologyExperiment is wet extrusion technology to produce the 6 crabs mixed feed as the experimental materials were after 4℃, freeze keep, after drying the change of feed characters .The results showed ,the water content, organization, flexibility, coalescence, hardness of the crabs mixed feed change was not significant(P>0.05)after keep at 4℃and freeze keep。Rehydrated after drying, texturization Degree of feed increased first and then declined,decreased elasticity and coalescence ,loose structure, the hardness decreased significantly(P<0.05)。Recommended method of cryopreservation.2.2 The characters change of this crabs feed with the immersion timeExperiment was observed the character continuous change of this 6 crabs mixed feed ,after 120 minutes of immersion .The results showed that 6 feed through flooding, the degree of organization of the performance increased and then decreased for the first, No.1, 2, 4, 5, feed in the flooded degree of organization of 60min is significant differences with other time points ,the 3 is at 105min(P<0.05).The difference of elastic of No.2, 3, 4, 5feed is significant ,after immersion in water and preserved at 4℃(P<0.05), but each time point was not significant(P>0.05)。The difference of elasticity of 1 and 6 feed is not significant after soaking between keep at 4℃,and the same as at all time points after immersion(P>0.05)。Hardness as follows ,differences of No.1 feed hardness is significant after 75min in water and No.2,3,4,5,6 is after 60min(P<0.05),and after 120min the difference is extremely significant(P<0.01)。The performance of coalescence is,the difference of coalescence is significant after soaking 120min between keep at 4℃(P<0.05)。In the immersion process,coalescence shows downward trend,but at 15min to 105min,the difference is not significant(P>0.05)。Therefore recommended that if soaked before feeding the soaking time should not exceed 120min.6. The differences of feeding ,growth of crabs fed wheat flour and soy protein isolate3.1 The differences of feeding ,growth of crabs fed mixed feed which adds wheat flourThe study is that the differences of feeding ,growth of crabs(11.18±1.33g)fed No.1,2,3 mixed feed(add amount of wheat flour were 15%,20%,25%)and clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) meat。The results as follows :Daily feeding rates of the clam meat group was the highest .The specific growth rates(SGR), is higher than the mixed feed group .There were significant differences about food conversion efficiencies(FCE) between clam meat and mixed feed group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences about daily feeding rates among the mixed feed group. There were significant difference about SGR between No.2 and 3 mixed feed group(P<0.05).3.2 The differences of feeding ,growth of crabs fed mixed feed which adds soy protein isolateThe study is that the differences of feeding ,growth of crabs(17.59±2.66g)fed No.4,5,6 mixed feed(add amount of soy protein isolate were 40%,55%,70%)and clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) meat。The results as follows,daily feeding rates, specific growth rates(SGR), food conversion efficiencies(FCE) of the clam meat group was the highest ,there are significant different between the clam meat and mixed feed group(P<0.05).There are no significant differences of daily feeding rates among the mixed feed group. The wet weight specific growth rates ,the food conversion efficiencies of No.6 feed is lower than No.4 and No.5 feed ,the differences is significant(P<0.05). |
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