The Characteristics Of Soil Seed Bank In The Different Kinds Of Wetland In The Downstream Region Of Tumen River

Because of the important irreplaceable role in the terrestrial biosphere, wetland has been regarded as one of the most attractable ecosystems. There is abundant wetland type in the Tumen River down stream area where locate in China, Korea and Russia three important geographically border. The Tumen River down stream area wetland has gained lots of concerns because of the great development and science-induced series of ecological environmental issues. Attention has been paid to wetland soil seed bank (SSB) as an important aspect of wetland research and ecological protection.This paper conducted researches on typical wetlands'SSBs in the Tumen River down stream area. By choosing river wetland, natural lake wetland, by artificially interference lake wetland, swamps and constructed wetland five types of seven standard plots were selected to investigate the aboveground vegetation and soil information, in which small-sample-multi-plots methods were introduced to investigate SSBs. Seed germination experiment was conducted to require the availability, species, quantity and germination time of SSB. Based on the experimental data, Excel2007 and SPSS17.0 were used in this paper to analyze and calcaluate the species abundance, ecological dominance, species diversity index and similarity index. The main results are as follows:(1)The investigated total wild seed plants in this area are 38 families,18 genera,30 species, in which contains 9 grasses,6 compositae and most of which are annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants. There are two winding herbs in herbaceous plants.15 hygrophyte species occupy 67% of the total families. Species density was between 1953 and 17750 seeds/m2。There are marked differences between the three types of samples of river wetland, which were markedly from 4,17 species and 9. There were 15 families investigated in the constructed wetland SSB; 14 families were investigated in the artificial Lake wetland SSB; 23 families were investigated in the nature Lake wetland SSB; 14 families were investigated in the marsh wetland SSB.(2) The similarity index of this area is 0-0.35 between different wetlands SSBs and aboveground vegetations. The order was River wetland> Nature Lake wetland> Artificial Lake wetland> Marsh' wetland> Constructed wetland. The ecological dominance of SSBs is 0.63-0.92. The ecological dominance of aboveground vegetations is 0.54-0.90; The diversity Index of SSBs is 1.11-2.72, The diversity Index of aboveground vegetations is 1.34-2.56; The richness index of SSBs is 2.01-3.00, The richness index of aboveground vegetations is 1.17-2.89; The evenness index of SSBs is 0.69~0.87, The evenness index of aboveground vegetations is 0.51-0.83.(3)Vertical distribution of demonstrated significantly obvious condition with 0-5cm having the most species, showing significant or very significant differences among various layers of the Tumen River downstream area wetlands' SSBs.(4)Furthermore, it still explained the germinating number of the Tumen River down stream area wetlands SSBs changing over time, with which the obvious variation curve was attained.