Taxonomic Status Of Common Veneridae In Sea Areas Of China

Veneridae belongs to Mollusca, Bivalvia, Heterodonta, Veneroida, Veneridae. Veneridae includes 12 subfamilies, 28 genera, 17 subgenera, 88 species recorded by Zhuangqiqian(2001) in Chinese coastal. Almost all Veneridae's species roosting in softground of intertidal region zone and epipelagic.A good many economic species in Veneridae which includes a lot of species have great economic value. Diagnostic characteristics of species (shell mold, growth lines, pattern and colour of shell, shape of lunule) expression instability, because of environment of intertidal region zone(water temperature, salinity, tides and so on ). Some species'identification is incorret. There are phenomenons of synonym and homonym, relationship between specie and genus is ill-defined, phylogeny among species is inexplicit. Identification of Veneridae is difficult only by morphology. Therefore we research species of Veneridae with morphology and molecular biology, distinguish taxonomic status and relationship among species.Species of Dosinia distribute in intertidal region zone of south and north of china. There are 15 species recorded by Zhuangqiqian(2001) in Chinese coastal and 13 species recorded by Xufengshan and Zhangsuping (2007) in Chinese coastal. Shapes of pallial sinus and lunule are chief taxomic character. However we don't discriminate species only by morphology. We not only analyze samples which we collected with morphology but also research sequences of 28SrRNA and COI with molecular biology, we construct molecular phylogenetic tree. The results show that species which we collected are Dosinia japonica, Dosinia corrugate, Dosinia biscocta, Dosinia aspera, Dosinia altior.Paphia belongs to Tapetinae, are a major group of Veneridae which have great economic value. Outstanding issues are classification and designation of Paphia undulate and Paphia textile. In comparison with Paphia undulate, Paphia textile is bigger, heavier and has not oblique fringes. But Paphia undulate has obvious oblique fringes on the shell. The results of investigation show that Paphia undulate and Paphia textile are not same kind.Meretricinae belongs to Veneridae, includes a genus: Meretrix. Species of Meretrix are important marine shellfishes. Morphological differences among Meretrix are major, it is difficult to identify samples only by morphology. There are 3 species recorded by Zhuangqiqian(2001) in Chinese coastal, 7 species recorded by Xufengshan and Zhangsuping (2007) in Chinese coastal, 5 species recorded by Habe(1977) in southern coastal of Hokkaido of Japan, coastal of Korea and China. Habe thinks that Meretrix meretrix almost roosting in sea areas of Okinawa of Japan and Western Pacific of south of Taiwan. The results of investigation show that there are Meretrix lusoria, Meretrix lamarckii, Meretrix petechialis, Meretrix lyrata. The research shows that samples from north of china are not Meretrix meretrix but Meretrix petechialis. Meretrix casta is recorded by Xufengshan and Zhangsuping (2007) but not be found in this research. So we should make further study about taxonomic status of species of Meretrix in the future.In the paper we also research other species of Veneridae which collected from coastal with morphology and molecular biology, construct molecular phylogenetic tree and definitude genetic relationship among species. So we could symptomatize intuitively genetic relationship among species of Veneridae.Some species of Veneridae are not included in the study, so we should make further study about taxonomic status of species of Veneridae in the future.