| In this paper, with open field investigation and experimental localization observation unified computer data processing method, the hydrological characteristics of forest crown, litter and its soil of three main vegetations in southern hilly areas were examined and studied. The results were as follows.(1) The relationship between precipitation and the canopy interception of the 3 forest types was a power regression. Annual intercepting rate of canopy in turn were as follows:Bamboo (26.77%)> hemp oak tree (21.65%)> pine (20.49%).(2) The total litter reserves for Hemp oak, bamboo and pine respectively were:18.04t/hm2, 12.57 t/hm2,9.39 t/hm2; the modified interception amount of 3 forest types were ordered from larger to little as:bamboo(27.66 t/hm2)> Hemp oak (25.17 t/hm2)>pine(11.98 t/hm2).(3) The soil initial and steady infiltration rate of 3 forest types displayed in turn as:bamboo> the oak> the pine. A power relationship was found between the soil infiltration rate and time through fitting analysis of the infiltration process. The correlation between physical and chemical properties and infiltration of soil was analyzed. The results indicated that non-capillary porosity and organic matter content of soil were all most significantly correlated with infiltration rate.(4) The method of Topsis was used to analyze the hydrological characteristics. The evaluation indices included canopy interception, litter reserves, modified interception amount, soil bulk gravity, total soil porosity, mechanical component and organic matter content. The results showed that:the forest hydrological effects of 3 types were in order of bamboo> the oak> the pine. |
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