| Purple cai-tai(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis L.var.utilis Tsen et Lee.2n=2x=20) is a specialty vegetable of our country which originates from the central part of the Yangtze River Basin,and because of its fat stalk.vivid color,crisp refreshing,good taste and rich nutrition, it became people's favorite vegetable.Mineral elements are in relation to output and quality of vegetables,but also relate to human nutrition and health.The specific study on nutritional value of various vegetables is favor of improving diet structure and ensuring people's health,then it would be significant to the development of community and economy.For a long time,the impprovement of variety for domestic vegetables was mainly devoted to increase yield,but had no enough attention on quality.With the raise of living standard and the increase of production supply,the requirements for quality of vegetables became more and more high,and the quality breeding became the focus of society.Four kinds of mineral elements including Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn in purple cai-tai were determined,and preliminary explored rule of inheritance and heterosis of them by estimating the combining ability and the genetic analysis of four mineral elements among hybrid and backcross generations of Brassica napus×purple cai-tai,and providing valuable theoretical foundation and materials for quality breeding and father exploitation of purple cai-tai.The main results were as follows:1. Determination and assessment of mineral elements including Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn for purple cai-tai.Four kinds of mineral elements including Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn in different types and parts of purple cai-tai of 21 species of it were determined,and compared the concentration of mineral elements between purple cai-tai and seven kinds of cruciferous vegetables(including chinese cabbages,Flowering chinese cabbage,white cai-tai,cabbage,broccoliand Cauliflower).The mean content and the improving potential of all materials were 140.03μg.g-1 and 68.64% for Ca,26.31μg.g-1 and 47.89% for Mg, 1.49μg. g-1 and 63.09% for Fe,1.13μg.g-1 and 29.20% for Zn,respectively. There are wide variation of Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn between types of purple cai-tai,the types with higher content of mineral elements would be useful in the breeding works.The concentration of Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn was high in the three parts including leaf,bud and bolting stem,and the order for Ca and Mg was leaf>bud>bolting stem,the order for Fe and Zn was bud>leaf>bolting stem,this results explained that there were more nutrition in leaf and bud.Comparing with other cruciferous vegetables,the ranking of Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn of purple cai-tai was fourth,first,second and third.respectively.and had higher integrated concentration on four kinds of mineral element.2.Cluster and correlative analysis based on the contents of Ca,Mg,Fe,ZnFour kinds of mineral elements including Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn in leaves of 21 species of purple cai-tai came from three source centers were determined,then correlative and grouping analysis were made based on the contents.A high positive correlation existed between Ca and Mg,and was significantly,while there was no significant corelation between other mineral elements;Based on the contents of Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn,all materials were classified into three groups by using clustered analysis,and the first and second groups had more contents of Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn; These results are useful for parent's selection and improvement of nutrition in purple cai-tai.3.Combining ability of Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn for purple cai-taiThe combining ability and genetic parameters were estimated for 4 main mineral elements(Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn)in F1 progenies of 32 cross combinations of purple cai-tai by using the incomplete diallel cross method with 2 new male sterile lines as female parents and 16 inbreed lines as male parents.The results showed that male sterile line Eru-5 and father plants D,E,Fand H which had high GCA on Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn could be regarded as good crossing parents.The combinations Eru-5×G,Eru-5×H and Eru-3×L had high SCA.The analysis of hereditability revealed that the heredity of Ca was mainly controlled by additive effect;Mg and Zn were mainly controlled by additive and non-additive effects;Fe was mainly controlled by non-additive effects.4. Genetic analysis of Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn of interspecific hybrid of Brassica napus L.×purple cai-tai The heterosis and genetic regulation of four mineral elements(Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn) among hybrids and backcross generations of Brassica napus L.×purple cai-tai were studied.The results showed that there were abvious positive mid-parent heterosis or over-parent heterosis on Ca and Fe,and the heterosis did not remarkable;There were different waves between hybrids and backcross generations of Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn,and maximum value of Range and CV of most mineral elements appeard in the first backcross populations,and the first backcross populations were the key to select plants with more mineral elements;The contents of Ca,Mg and Fe were close to or over recurrent parents in the fifth backcross populations;These results were helpful to find out the variational regulation of mineral elements between hybrids and backcross generations of Brassica napus L.×purple cai-tai,at the same time,some germplasm resources for quality breeding of purple cai-tai would be provided. |
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