The Effect Of Crushed Straw Dosage On The Main Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil And Crop Growth

Laboratory test was done to study the effects of three straw treating manners (i.e. cut, aminated, dose in different stages) on soil structure, moisture, evaporation and nutrient and crop, explained the variations of soil physical and chemical and crops growth, provided a new method to effective use of straw resources and improve soil structure and promote soil productivity. Results show that:(1) The aminated crushed strews was obviously lower soil bulk density and increase total porosity. The high levels and the low levels of finely cut strews added into soil can observably reduce the soil bulk density, and the finely cut strews was more pronounced effect than the long cut strews. The value of dimension of soil type and the field capacity of finely cut strews was obviously higher than long cut strews, this means that the finely cut strews can improve the soil porosity condition, uniform distribution of soil porosity and enhanced their connectivity.(2) The crushed straws can vividly increased the water holding capacity of soil with the increase of the amount. They also improved the value of specific water capacity, and enhanced drought tolerance of soil. At the stage of 60d,the high levels and the middle levels of finely cut straws have the strongest drought tolerance, and compared with long cut straws, the finely cut straws have better drought tolerance. The value of total available water was obviously higher than CK, compared two different cut straws, the finely cut straws have bigger value of total available water than the long cut straws at 60d,but their have the opposite conclusion at 120d and 180d.As the incubation period of the extension, the evaporation rate of long cut straws was obviously higher than finely cut straws, it means that the finely cut straws can observably inhibition of soil evaporation .And the high levels and the low levels of finely cut straws have the better effection than the middle level finely cut straws at 60d,but their have the opposite conclusion at 120d and 180d.(3) The crushed straws can significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, available N, available P, available K, and the value of nutrient increased with the quantity of straws added in soil. Content of available N of the finely cut straws was significantly higher than long cut straws; compared with CK, the crushed straws have lower content of available P, but As the incubation period of the extension, the crushed straws can obviously improved the value of available P. There were not significant differences between long cut straws and finely cut straws.(4)The crushed straws can significantly increased the fresh weight and dry weight of maize plants, especially the high levels straws. Contrast the two crushed straws, it found that the long cut straws can promoted the fresh weight of maize plants, but the finely cut straws can significantly increased the dry weight of maize plants. The high levels straws have a gentle wave in the part of roots'dry weight, and this level straws can significantly increase the dry weight of roots.(5)The crushed straws can significantly reduce the wilting coefficient, and as the incubation period of the extension, the wilting coefficient increased. From the aspect of straws added into soil, the wilting coefficient increased with the quantity of straws, and the wilting coefficient of finely cut straws was higher than long cut straws. In addition, the crushed straws can significantly improved the water use efficiency, especially at the stage of 60d.