Screening,identification And Application Of Silicate Bacteria

In this experiment, several strains with potassium ability were screened from the soil of different habitats and plants in the Qinling Mountains, the Erosion and Environmental Test Station, Natural Reserving Grassland of Yunwushan, the testing farmland of Northwest A & F University, and the orchards of Zhouzhi County, ShaanXi, then a series of tests were carried out.Five strains were screened with a solution of potassium silicate bacteria, they were K7, K18, K21, K37 and K44, the rate in solution of potassium were 17.9%, 10.8%, 25.1%, 7.5% and 5.5%, of which the highest rate in the solution of potassium was K21, it was 25.1%, which was the highest ability of potassium strain. Through analyzing the potassium rate and the pH value of fermentation broth of different strains, results showed the potassium silicate ratio and pH of five bacterial were not significantly correlated with the values, indicating that the acid production of silicate bacteria was not the main potassium factor.The tests of biological properties showed that the colony and cell morphology of five different strains of silicate bacterias were similar, colony morphology of colonies were raised, moist smooth, neat edges, thick colonies were produced, K21 is different from others, G +, short rod. The physiological and biochemical tests of Five strains showed that the features of strains K7, K18, K37 and K44 were the same as the reference strain CK (Bacillus): they can use glucose, sucrose and mannose as the sole carbon source; Use of nitrate and ammonium as the sole nitrogen source; but not produced H2S, litmus milk, nitrate reduction, glucose fermentation, starch hydrolysis, catalase, citrate utilization and gelatin liquefaction were positive; not produced indole ; oxidase, methyl red (MR) and VP were negative, but the strain K21 was different, producing H2S, VP was positive.The silicate bacterias used in different pot experiment showed that characters of inoculating different silicate bacteria on the soil had a certain impact, inoculated with different agents, the pH of the soil was not significant, whether it were the treatments of corn or soybeans, after inoculating the strain K21, physical and chemical properties of soil, soil electrical conductivity, the content of soil available N, available P, K and slowly available K were improved; the number of total bacteria and silicate bacteria were significantly increased; the activity of urease, phosphatase and invertase were significantly improved; different biological traits of plants were improved after inoculating K21, the chlorophyll content of plants, plant height, stem diameter and aboveground biomass were significantly increased, and the content of the whole plant N, P and total K were certainly increased. Overall, the fertility of soil and quality of crop were significantly improved after the strain K21 was inoculated.A strain of silicate bacteria, K21 with high ability was screened and identified by Biolog microbial identification system as Paenibacillus polymyxa, which has not been reported in the present study on the field of silicate bacteria, so the Isolation and identification of this bacteria enriched the diversity of silicate bacteria strains.