| The process of mining not only destroyed and occupied a lot of land resources, but also brought a series of environmental and social problems. Mine land reclamation and soil reconstruction has important practical significance to alleviate the contradiction between people and land in China.The study is about the selection and application of the azotobacter, phosphobacteria and potassium bacteria, the compound construction and the screening of carrier of the strains which are selected and introduced. Hunan province coal mine reclamation soil as the research object,based on the research of reclamation soil fertility investigation on coal mine area, through indoor culture and pot experiment.Aimed at the ecological reconstruction of reclaimed soil in Hunan province coal mine area to provide efficient composite microbial flora.The main results are as follows:1.The land reclamation mode in coal mine area is given priority to with raw red soil cover in Hunan province. The soil has poor soil fertility and low biological activity. In soils of the typical sample area, the total number of soil microorganism is less than 6X 104, the content of soil organic matter is 5.43-17.73 g/kg, and most of which is less than 10.0 g/kg below, the total nitrogen content is 0.13-0.63 g/kg and the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 40.96-116.31 mg/kg, the content of total phosphorus is 0.13-0.59 g/kg and the content of available phosphorus is 0.51-4.47 mg/kg, the total potassium content is 14.77-24.82 g/kg and the content of available potassium is 38.01-203.94 mg/kg. The reclaimed soils have the characteristics of serious lack of phosphorus, nitrogen deficiency and lack of organic matter, but rich of potassium.Strong vitality strains, which are 2 strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (N2, N3),2 strains of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (P1, P7) and 2 strains of potassium-releasing bacteria (K7, K8), were screened out from the reclaimed soils by preliminary screening, screening again and soil culturing. The estimated activity values of N2 and N3 in liquid culture are 2.28 gN/100 mL and 1.19 gN/mL, respectively, the estimated activity value of P1 and P7, phosphorus dissolving rate, are 12.12% and 24.31%, and the solution of potassium K7 and K8 are increased by 48% and 49.5% compared with the control.2. The results of rape pot experiment showed that the effects of the tested strains on the contents of soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were not obvious, but the soil pH had a tendency to reduce. The effects of treatments on the rape growth and yield, and soil microbial quantity were obvious, and the differences between treatments were quite clear. On the whole, P7, A(from Russian) and K8 can improved effectively the number of soil microorganism and the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in plants. At the same time, the pod number and grain weight of the rape increased significantly. The yield-increasing effects of P7 and A were much better than others.3. In the experiment of antagonism, the growth of rape wes good in N2, P7, K7, K8, A, SX3-2(provided by the project group), and there was no obvious antagonism phenomenon.4. In the 30 groups of the compound bacteria designed in liquid culture, the groups of N2+K8+P7, N2+K8+SX3-2, N2+A+K8+P7 and N2+A+K8+SX3-2 showed obvious rape growth advantage, and the OD600 values of these groups were more than 0.9.5. In the selection of carrier microbial flora, the microbial number in the treatment of carrier with 75% air-dried compost+25% rice husk was the highest than others. The carrier had some good properties, such as no obvious peculiar smell, physical properties stable, no more heat generated. |
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