| Developing and utilizing of sandy soil is very important for guaranteeing food security of our country and raising income of the western regional farmers.The ability of sandy soil to retain water and fertilizer was poorer compared with ordinary cultivating soil, and the fertility was lower. According to these characteristics, we studied the effection of different ratio of sandy soil mixed with fermented humus on muskmelon growth and fruit quality under different irrigation, to select the appropriate matrix formula of culture media and irrigation. The fermented humus was mixture of cow dung and wheat straw both of which can be easily decomposed in rural areas. Through this research, we tried to solve issues of serious soil desertification, sandy soil of poor nutrient, poor ability to retain water and fertilizer and little rainfall to the arid areas in northwest China,and provided evidences for the use of sandy soil and agriculture organic waste in greenhouse cultivation of organic substrate in desertification area.Grown muskmelon (YiPinTianXia 208) plants in flowerpot with sandy soil and fermented humus of cow dung mixed with wheat straw (volume ratio 0.75:1(A1),1:1(A2),1.25:1(A3);1.5:1(A4)), and treated with different irrigation (80% (B1), 100% (B2), 120% (B3) of evapotranspiration). In this test, different formulation of culture media and irrigation influenced greenhouse muskmelon plants growth, fruit yield and quality with respect to that in control plants which was treated with nutrient solution and pure sand. The results showed that:All of the four treatments A1, A2, A3, A4 can effectively reduce sandy soil bulk density; maintain appropriate total porosity and capillary porosity to provide a good rhizosphere environment for melon plants growth, which could meet the basic nutrient needs of melon plants growth by a slowly nutrient releasing. During the test, the melon plants growing on A3 treatment were higher and bigger than the other treatments; meanwhile the dry weight and fresh weight of root, stem and leaves of the plants were also the largest. Irrigation B3 increased the melon plants height and leaf area more than other irrigation treatments. So treatment A3 combine with B3 showed the most favorable effection on melon plants growth and fruit yield. Treatment A4B1 was better than A3B1 on the accumulation of soluble protein in melon fruits, A2B1 was worse than A3B1. The influence of soluble solids showed A3B2> A4B2> A2B2 and influence of soluble sugars showed A3B1> A2B1> A3B3. A moderate deficit irrigation B1 is beneficial to the accumulation of soluble protein and soluble sugar in melon fruits. B2 is conducive to the accumulation of soluble solids. Treatment A3 is more salutary on the accumulation of soluble solids and soluble sugar, while the melon fruits have less soluble protein in A3 than in A4.Based on the findings, melon plants on irrigation B3 (120% of supplementary irrigation on evapotranspiration) treatment grown the best and had the highest yield, irrigation B1 (80% of supplementary irrigation on evapotranspiration) treatment had a better melon fruit quality. The leaf area, plant height, fruit quality and yield of melon plants under A3 treatment (composting material of wheat straw and cattle dung mixed with sandy soil volume ratio at 1.25:1) were significantly better than the other treatments, indicating that this formulation of culture media which can provide adequate nutrients, is the best for the growth of melon plants and achieving high-quality and high-yield in the arid sandy soil areas. |
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