Research On Single-Track Mountain Orchard Transport

China is an important source of origin of citrus. Its planting area and output double rank first in the world. However, because of the unreasonable breed structure, excessive concentration of mature, and most distribution area:downland and the slopes, the level of citrus mechanization is low. Therefore, studying how to solve the problem of orchard transportation, which is the key link of citrus mechanization, is urgent and necessary.This paper combined characteristic of the existing orchard transport machinery and single-track, designed and manufactured a single-track mountain orchard transport, which met the need of the transportation of the fruit, pesticide and fertilizer in the orchard without transport roads. The machine's structure was compact. The main engine's size was 1.4m×0.8m×1.1m, the power rating was 8.8kw. and the speed was about 1.2m per minute. The track, which had good adaptability, was installed according to the terrain. With load of 300kg, the transport could climb the slope less than or equal 47.9°nd made a turn with the radius not more than 3.1m. Operated simply and working safe and reliably, the machine had three gears:forward, backward and neutral, could brake or stop anywhere on the track.The modern design methods were utilized in the thesis to theoretical analysis and structural design to the transmission system, the drive system, the track, the brake systems and the chassis etc. of the machine. Chose the chain transmission principle as the drive mode, saw the rack as a sprocket wheel with infinite diameter and the driving wheel as a chain. By studying the gap between the rack and driving wheel as well as the gap between the champing wheels and the track, got that the minimum turning radius of the transport was 3.1m. The response time of common brake was less than 0.6 seconds, and the emergency brake 0.08 seconds.Regard the supporting steel tube as strut bars, analyzed the strength of the bars in three conditions:the loaded transport moved in straight line, made a turn and climbed. The strength met requirements. Meanwhile studied the distance offset of the transport's barycenter in three conditions, and the offset was less than the limit. The relationship between the track gradient and the load was acquired by analyzing the force of the loaded transport when it climbed. Loaded with 300kg, the machine could climbed the slope less than or equal 47.9°. At the same time, strength of the rack met the demand.On the basis of the result, completed the Assembly drawing and part drawings, manufactured the prototype and tested its performances. Through the test, the speed was slow. After modifying the structure, the speed was improved 1.5m/s. The minimum turning radius still was 3.1m, while the maximum slope was 37.7°when the transport loaded with 300kg. The transport worked smoothly with low noise and low wear of the track.