| Oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in China. Oilseed planting area is increasing quickly in recently years just because it's used in a variety of purposes. Knowing well the characteristics of dry matter and nutrient accumulation in oilseed are very helpful in conducting scientific fertilizing, promoting rape industry development and promoting nutrition resource utilization efficiency. So we launched two field experiments. First, knowing the characteristic of oilseed growth was very helpful in recommending reasonable fertilizer application amount and optimal proportion. So, dry matter accumulation, nutrient content and nutrient accumulation in different organs had been tested at regular intervals represented by HS No.5 and ZYZ No.12. Second, we compared the difference of dry matter, N, P2O5, K2O accumulation in one hundred varities under the same conditions, and divided them into 4 categories according to nutrient absorption efficiency and utilization efficiency. Compared the differences and similarities in different nutrient efficiency categories. We hope that reasonable nutrient management recommendation can be proposed according to their differences and similarities. The main results showed as follows.1. Dry matter accumulation increased slowly at seedling period, increased quickly at blooming period and got maximum at mature period. It appeared "S" curve and showed as blooming period>seedling period>pod period. Dry matter of roots, stems, green leaves increased in the beginning and decreased after then, and got maximum at blooming period, pod period and seedling period respectively. Dry matter of reproductive organ increased all the time. Dry matter accumulation was similar in HS No.5 and ZYZ No.12, and dry matter accumulation of roots, stems, green leaves, seeds, defoliation and whole plant of ZYZ No.12 were 118,938,93,935,962,3698 kg/ha higher than HS No.5 respectively.2. The changing pattern of macronutrient content and accumulation were uniform in different varieties. The content of N and P changing pattern were similar. Content of N and P decreased with plant growth except seeds. Changing trend of K content was complication. K content of roots kept steady at seedling period and decreased after bud period. K content of stems changed widely at seedling period and decreased after then. K content of green leaves decreased before 70 d and kept steadily during other period. K content in defoliation changed widely and irregular. There is no difference in changing trend of N and P concentration between HS No.5 and ZYZ No.12. Both N and K2O accumulation reached maximum at blooming period and decreased a little after then. P2O5 accumulation increased constantly during whole growth period and showed as pod period> seedling period>blooming period. N accumulation of ZYZ No.12 was 261.6 kg/ha and showed 44.0 kg/ha higher than HS No.5. The maximum N accumulation of roots, green leaves, seeds, defoliation of ZYZ No.12 showed 1.9,6.6,1.0,29.1,3.0 kg/ha higher than HS No.5 respectively. The maximum P2O5 accumulation of seeds, defoliation and total of ZYZ No.12 got 99.5,8.6,134.5 kg/ha and they were higher than HS No.5. And there were no difference in other organs between two varieties. Total K2O accumulation in ZYZ No.12 was 365.2 kg/ha and showed 148.5 higher than HS No.5. Similar changing trend was appeared in other organs.3. Results showed that the changing patterns of content and accumulation of secondary nutrient were uniform in different varieties. The content of Ca, Mg and S of roots and stems decreased slowly along with plant growth. Mg content of green leaves and defoliation decreased slowly before bud period and increased after then. The Ca and S content of green leaves and defoliation increased slowly before bud period and increased quickly after then. Total Ca accumulation increased slowly at seedling period, and increased quickly at blooming period and got maximum at mature period. Mg accumulation trend showed as similar as Ca accumulation, But ZYZ No.12 increased at mature period. Ca, Mg and S maximum accumulation of ZYZ No.12 were 333.2,48.5. 144.2 kg/ha, and showed 86.2,12.7,6.0 kg/ha higher than HS No.5 respectively.4. The changing pattern of micronutrient content and accumulation were uniform in different oilseed varieties. Fe content of roots and stems decreased slowly along with plant growth, and green leaves were opposite. Mn and Cu content decreased along with plant growth in each organ, but increased slightly in defoliation at mature period. Zn content of roots, stems and green leaves decreased slowly as "W" curve. The B content of roots, stems increased before bud period and decreased after then. B content of green leaves and defoliation increased all the time. Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B accumulation of roots, stems and green leaves increased first and decreased later. Total accumulation of Fe, Mn and Cu increased at seedling period and get maximum value at mature period. The maximum accumulation of Fe, Mn and Cu of ZYZ No.12 were 10136,630,65.7 g/ha, and 3381,206,16.6 g/ha higher than HS No.5. Total Zn accumulation increased slowly at seedling period, kept steady at bud period and increased quickly at mature period. The maximum Zn accumulation of ZYZ No.12 was 481.1 g/ha and was 113.2 g/ha higher than HS No.5. Total accumulation of B got maximum at pod period and decreased after then. The maximum B accumulation of ZYZ No.12 was 595.3 g/ha and was 141.1 g/ha higher than HS No.5.5. We selected closely one hundred rapeseed varieties, and they were planted in the different planting season and different planting areas. Rapeseed varieties of different experience area were divided into four types according to average value of N (P, K) uptake and utilization efficiency and showed as A-high uptake and high utilization efficiency, B-low uptake and high utilization efficiency, C-high uptake and low utilization efficiency, D-low uptake and low utilization efficiency respectively. We compared the characteristics of growth trait, dry matter accumulation and nutrient accumulation between four types in the same nutrient. The results showed that the differences between four types were uniform in N, P, K efficiency types. Inflorescence length, pods of inflorescence, the first order branch No. and pods of the first order branch in type A was more than in type B, C and D. The seed yield showed as A>B,C>D. Dry matter accumulation and nutrient accumulation were showed as A,C>B,D. All of those differences were not change no matter planting season or planting area change. Result also showed that there was only one variety present A type all in N, P and K efficiency types. Most of varieties efficiency types combine with B, C and D type in N, P, K efficiency. |
