Study Of Dry Matter Production And Nutrient Absorption And Utilization Characteristics On Spring Maize At Different Cultivating Modes

The study was conducted in the Halahai Experimental Station of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences?N:44°05',E:124°51'?.Two hybrids were used Xianyu 335?XY335?and Xiangyu 998?XY998?in the current trial.Four production modes were designed as?1?basic cultivation mode,?2?farmer cultivation mode,?3?high-yielding high-efficiency mode,and?4?super high-yielding mode.The results showed that yields of the two maize hybrids were super high-yielding mode>high-yielding high-efficiency mode>farmer cultivation mode>basic mode.The yield of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by 8.1%?XY335?and 7.4%?XY998?respectively,and the yield of super high-yielding increased by 18.1%?XY335?and 20.9%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the two maize hybrids showed super high-yielding mode>high-yielding high-efficiency mode>farmer cultivation mode>basic cultivation mode.The nitrogen accumulation of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by13.3%?XY335?and 6.0%?XY998?respectively,and the nitrogen accumulation of super high-yielding mode increased by 20.5%?XY335?and 16.5%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The phosphorus accumulation of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by 2.7%?XY335?and 7.3%?XY998?respectively,and the phosphorus accumulation of super high-yielding mode increased by 3.5%?XY335?and 13.1%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The potassium accumulation of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by 8.6%?XY335?and 2.3%?XY998?respectively,and the potassium accumulation of super high-yielding mode increased by 24.1%?XY335?and5.5%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The partial factor productivity of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers of the two maize hybrids showed high-yielding high-efficiency mode>super high-yielding mode>farmer mode.The partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by 29.8%?XY335?and 28.8%?XY998?respectively,and the partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of super high-yielding mode increased by 6.3%?XY335?and8.8%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The partial factor productivity of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer of high-yielding high efficiency mode increased by 18.2%?XY335?and 20.9%?XY998?respectively,and the partial factor productivity of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer of super high-yielding mode increased by8.1%?XY335?and 7.3%?XY998?respectively,compared with farmer cultivation mode.The gross output value of maize in different cultivating modes was super high-yielding mode>high-yielding high-efficiency mode>farmer cultivation mode.among which the super high-yielding mode increased by 9.3%compared with the high-yielding high-efficiency mode,and the super high-yielding model increased by 18.2%compared with the farmer cultivation mode.The net income of maize in different cultivating modes was high-yielding high-efficiency mode>farmer cultivation mode>super high-yielding mode,in which the high-yielding high-efficiency mode increased by 6.1%compared with the farmer cultivation mode,and the high-yielding high-efficiency mode increased by 7.0%compared with the super high-yielding mode.In summary,although the high-yielding high-efficiency mode has a lower yield than the super high-yielding mode,the net income of spring maize was higher than that of the super high-yielding mode.The high-yielding high-efficiency mode improves the efficiency of fertilizer utilization,and the nitrogen fertilizer is made by appropriately reducing the nitrogen application rate.The balance between demand and supply shortens the existence time of inorganic nitrogen in the soil and effectively avoids the loss of nitrogen leaching.Therefore,this present experiment recommends high-yielding high-efficiency mode as the optimum mode,the specific mode patterns with planting density of 75000 plants·hm^-2,the deep-slung and autumn deep-turning tillage measures,the fertilization amount 225kg·hm^-2?pure N?,and N fertilizers application ratio before sowing,at jointing stage,and large mouth stage was 2:3:3:2.