| The chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium)(Ramat.)Kitam., an important cut and pot flower world wide, had high ornamental and economic value. Guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences, which was also named zao chrysanthemum with small inflorescences, was the autonomous cultivar of the preserved center of chrysanthemum germplasm resources of china. It was characterized by its strong branchiness, small inflorescences, large quantity of flowers, large-scale flowering span and the flower colour being abundant. And they were good materials of landscaping and home embellishment. But recently with the introduce of chrysanthemum with small inflorescences and increase of independent selection, the quantity of the cultivars was becoming more and its application becoming wider. It was needed eagerly to establish a comprehensive evaluation system of the ornamental value and adaptability in order to evaluate the characteristics of every cultivar objectively, accurately and systematically. Finally we can provide a theory for their large-scale generalization and application. So we carried out comprehensive evaluation studies of the ornamental value and drought and flooding resistance of seedling and growing stage.(1) Pot-culture experiment experiments were conducted to observe and count indexes of the flooding and drought resistance of 20 guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences varieties. The AHP was used to establishing comprehensive evaluation model, constructing judgement matrix and calculating the weight of each affecting factor. According to rating criteria 20 varieties were endowed with different scores and then multiplied the weight of each factor to obtain the comprehensive score of each variety. Finally 20 cultivars were clustered into3 grades:strong, moderate and inferior. There were 6,9and 5 cultivars in the three grades, and amounting30%,45%,25% respectively.(2) 11 indexes closely related to the growth potential and ornamental value were measured and drought resistance capacity of 20 guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences in growth stage were evaluated by variance analysis, principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis. The results showed that 11 drought-resistance indexes could be classified into 3 component parts according to principal components analysis,7 indexes among them including root-shoot ratio stress index, underground biomass stress index, number of branches after topping stress index, flowering phase of population stress index, flowering quantity stress index, flower diameter stress index, number of ligulate flower stress index were tightly related to drought-resistance of Guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences. According to average of subordinate function, drought resistance capacity of 20 Guoqing chrysanthemum were divided into three classes, the highest capacity to drought class including'jinling Jiaohuang'et al, the lowest capacity to drought class including'Jinling Aihuang'et al; and the other 11 were belonging to the moderate class.(3) Effect of different planting date on phenophase and ornamental value was studied. The results showed that the influence of different planting date on the flowering stage of guoqing chrysanthemum cultivars with small inflorescences was related to varieties, and it had little effect on the few serotinous varieties but affected the early blooming-seasoned varieties significantly, the flowering stage of which was delayed with the retarded planting date differently. Meanwhile generally the flowering stage of the early blooming-seasoned varieties was short and the serotinous varieties'was long, but the influence of different planting date on flowering stage of population was different beause of cultivars.And the difference of the whole ornamental value of guoqing chrysanthemum cultivars with small inflorescences was obvious, usually the late ones had regular plant shape and high ornamental value, all of whose flowers formed a spheroidal in space and the distribution of which was uniform but they always weren't wider, the number of flower was small. The planting date didn't have influence on the ornamental value of simple inflorescence, so the diversity is little.(4) Field and pot-culture experiment experiments were conducted to observe and count 22 indexes of the ornamental value and drought and flooding resistance of 20 guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences varieties. A synthetic system was established by using analytic hiberarchy process. Finally we calculated the weight of each affecting factor; According to rating criteria 20 cultivars were endowed with different scores and then multiplied the weight of each factor to obtain the comprehensive score of each cultivars; Finally by K-Means cluster method, using minimum distance method and the clustering center value of synthetical scores of guoqing chrysanthemum with small inflorescences of various ranks 20 cultivars were clustered into3 grades:excellent, good, and general. There were 5,11and 4 cultivars in the three grades, and amounting 25%,55%,20%respectively. |
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