| In order to research the suitable temperature of seed germination in different provenances of Idesia polycarpa systematically and how to raise the seed germination rate, also to explore the relationship between trees distribution and climate and enrich the theory of dormancy, thus scientific theory guidance was provided to select good breeds and plant artificially in Idesia polycarpa, seed germination rate, seed germination potentiality and the average time of seed germination were studyed in the condition of different temperature with the materials of seed with different low temperature treatment from six seed provenances in Idesia polycarpa. The results were as follows:(1)The seeds of six provenances without low temperature treatment didn't germinate under the condition of 15℃in Idesia polycarpa, but all germinated in other temperature conditions. Seed germination rate and germination potentiality of each provenance from high to low were Sichuan>Henan>Hunan>Jiangsu>Jiangxi>Guizhou. The Sichuan seed provenance had the highest germination rate and germination potentiality, for 71% and 46%. The average time of seed germination without low temperature treatment in different germination temperature from long to short was 15/10℃>20/10℃>20℃>25/15℃>25℃. Visibly, temperature is lower, the seed average germinate time is longer. In all germination temperature conditions, seed of Henan provenance had the longest average germination time for 50 days in 15/10℃; seed of Jiangxi provenance had the shortest average germination time for 12 days in the condition of 25℃.(2)In addition to seed of Sichuan provenance germinating in 15℃conditions, the seeds of other provenances didn't germinate in 15℃condition. Germination rate and germination potentiality of all seeds provenance in the condition of variable temperature was higher than that in the constant temperature condition, usually the effect of 80 days'low temperature worst, next 60 days; the effect of 20 days'low temperature best, next 40 days. Seed germination rate and germination potentiality of each provenance from high to low were Sichuan > Henan > Hunan > Jiangsu > Jiangxi>Guizhou. The average time of seed germination with low temperature treatment in different germination temperature from long to short was 15/10℃>20/10℃>20℃>25/15℃>25℃. The average germination time of every low time temperature treatment increased basically with the increase of treatment time, with the maximum in 60 days or 80 days'low temperature treatment. The average germination time of every low temperature treatment had little change in the same germination temperature conditions.(3) The seed germination rate of Henan provenance was the highest, for 62% in 20/10℃germination condition with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 10/5℃. The seed germination rate of every low temperature treatment was the highest commonly in the condition of 25/15℃, next 20/10℃,15/10℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination rate of 12℃,10/5℃low-temperature treatment was the highest; In the 25/15℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality was the highest, for 44% with the 40 days treatment of 12℃low temperature. In all low temperature treatment, the seed germination potentiality of 12℃,10/5℃low temperature was the highest relatively. In 15/10℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 57 days with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 10℃(4)The seed germination rate of Jiangsu provenance was the highest, for 37% in 20/10℃germination condition with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 15/5℃. The seed germination rate was the highest commonly with variable temperature treatments of 15/10℃,15/5℃,10/5℃. The seed germination rate of every low temperature treatment was the highest commonly in the condition of 20/10℃, next 25/15℃, 15/10℃; In 15/10℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality without low temperature treatment was the highest, for 21%; In 15/10℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality of every low temperature treatment was generally the highest, next 20/10℃, 25/15℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination potentiality of 15/10℃,15/5℃,10/5℃low temperature treatments was the highest relatively. In 15/10℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 62 days with 80 days'low temperature treatment of 15/10℃.(5)The seed germination rate of Hunan provenance was the highest, for 59% in 25/15℃germination condition with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 12℃,the low temperature of 12℃had the best effect. In 25/15℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality was the highest, for 43%, with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 12℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination potentiality of 12℃,15/10℃,15/5℃low temperature treatments was the highest relatively. In 15/10℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 68 days with 80 days'low temperature treatment of 15/10℃.The Hunan seed provenance had longer average germination time in all germination temperature than other provenance.(6)The seed germination rate of Sichuan provenance was the highest, for 83% in 15/10℃germination condition with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 10/5℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination rate was the highest relatively with the low temperature treatment of 10/5℃, and the appropriate temperature of seeds germination expanded to 15℃- 25℃after low temperature treatment. In 25/15℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality of Sichuan provenance was the highest, for 72%, with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 10℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination potentiality of 12℃,15/10℃,10/5℃low temperature treatments was the highest relatively. In 15℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 77 days with 40 days'low temperature treatment of 15/5℃.(7)The seed germination rate of Jiangxi provenance was the highest, for 26% in 15/10℃germination condition with 20 days'low temperature treatment of 15/5℃. The seed germination rate was the highest commonly with variable temperature treatments of 15/10℃, next 20/10℃and 25/15℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination rate was the highest relatively with the low temperature treatment of 10℃,12℃,15/5℃. In 25/15℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality of Jiangxi provenance was the highest, for 15%, with 40 days'low temperature treatment of 5℃. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination potentiality of 5℃,15/5℃low temperature treatments was the highest relatively. In 15/10℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 65 days with 80 days'low temperature treatment of 15/10℃.(8)The seed germination rate of Guizhou provenance was the highest, for 14% in 25/15℃germination condition with 40 days'low temperature treatment of 15/5℃. The seed germination rate was the highest commonly with variable temperature treatments of 15/10℃, next 25/15℃and 20/10℃. . In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination rate was the highest relatively with the low temperature treatment of 15/5℃. In 20/10℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality of Guizhou provenance was the highest, for 7%, with 40 days'low temperature treatment of 15/5℃. In 15/10℃germination condition, the seed germination potentiality was generally high. In all low temperature treatments, the seed germination potentiality of 15/5℃low temperature treatment was the highest relatively. In 15/10℃germination condition, the average germination time is the longest, for 53 days with 80 days'low temperature treatment of 10/5℃. |
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