Establishment Of Transgenic Soybean, Maize And Wheat Informationg Platform And Effect Of Transgenic Soybean On Soil Microorganisms

Due to their high quality, high yield, and risisance to disease and pests, genetically modified crops have increased agricultural productivity substantially. The increases in productivity have saved farmland to some extent, and genetically modified crops thus have played a great role in protecting the forest and the biodiversity in forest reserves. Genetically modified crops eased poverty and hunger resulted by food scarcity; and reduced the use of pesticides such as insecticide, herbicides and so on. They decreased carbon dioxide emissions by minimal tillage or fallow, relieved the impact on environment, and prevented soil and water loss to some extent.Genetically modified crops were born in laboratory. The large -span, salutatory gene transfer are quite different from the long natural selection and hybridation of similar species. Their safety is unknown, and may have an effect on existing biodiversity. On the born of genetically modified crops, there have always been reports on safety of genetically modified crops, for example, the Canadian "super weeds", the Mexico corn events and so on. Such events have rang an alarm for people, and have caused great concerns. The safety of genetically modified crops has increasingly become a research focus.The first part of this paper set up the information platform of transgenic soybean-maize-wheat. The platform mainly includes the database of safety assessment, referencing materials, the latest progress of studying at home and abroad, policies and regulations, and online communications. The database of safety assessment collected the basic information of transgenic soybean, maize and wheat at home and abroad, which includes lines name, kinds of crops, special characteristics, exogenous gene, methods of transformation and research institutions and so on, the measure method, technology and standard related with safety assessment. In special, it collected the latest progress of transgenic crops studying of our country. The platform helps to supply information on the three genetically modified crops, and provide theoretical foundation and technical support for the research and industrialized production.The second part of this essay describes the effect of transgenic cystathionine-y-synthase gene of high methionine soybean on soil microorganisms. On the one hand, we measured the disease resistance of transgenic soybean which includes resistance to Phytophthora sojae and Fusarium oxysporum. The result indicated that the resistance of transgenic soybean to P. sojae and F. oxysporum is not better than that of normal soybean. On the other hand, we evaluated the effect of planting transgenic soybean on bacterial diversity in soil by DGGE. The result indicated that planting of transgenic soybean did not have significant effect on diversity of soil bacterial during different growing seasons, comparing with planting normal soybean.