| In order to understand the effect of green manure cropping on wheat soil physical and chemical properties in Heilongjiang province, this study focused on the possibility of alfalfa, peas, wool vetch and other green manure crops multiple cropped with wheat. Revealed the effects of these green manure crops return to field to the soil nutrients, wheat yield and qualities and other factors, with the purpose of providing a theoretical and technical supports for the food production sustainable development and soil fertility improvement.Though combined methods of experiments in filed and analysis in lab, this study take the clear kind of wheat as the control to compare the effects to soil physical and chemical properties and wheat yield between green manure returned before and after wheat harvest, the study conducted from 2008 to 2010 in Hailin farm of Heilongjiang Province.Though comparison the ability of resistance to cold, the growth speed and the plant yield of 22 kinds of green manure crops for tested, this experiment found that the Tucuman hairy vetch is suitable variety for interplanting with wheat, Tucuman hairy vetch, the pea 6 peas and the pea are best kinds of varieties for multiple cropping after wheat harvest.The results find that green manure crops return to field improved the soil physical property, and the soil bulk specific gravity decreased 0.09 g/cm3～0.14 g/cm3, the soil total voidage increased 1.73%～3.83%, the field capacity enhanced 1.60%～2.86%, compare with the control, Each green manure variety all increased the content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, phosphorus available and available potassium significantly.When green manure crops return to field, it can improve the wheat the habitat, increase the wheat the leaf area and the chlorophyll content, and extend wheat leaf blade's photosynthesis function time, in order that it can provide sufficient photosynthesis product for wheat growth. The increase rate of wheat yield is about 8.86%～9.87%. |
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