Effect Of Different Organic Materials On Soil Fertility

Soil is closely linked with human survival and development as the material base forhuman activities and guarantee of agricultural production. But as the slather using of chemicalfertilizer and artifical destruction, soil salinization, soil and water loss and soil acidificationresult in serious soil degradation and it directly affect the agricultural production and humandevelopment. How to improve soil quality to establish the agricultural sustainabledevelopment has become an urgent problem.This study proceed from actual conditions, mixed different chemical compositionorganic materials (with different content of lignin and cellulose)and soil with equal ratiosimulated natural circulation of plant nutrition,let the natural organic materials transform intohumic substance. After180days we determined the change of soil available nutrient content,soil cation exchange capacity, soil organic matter, each component content and adjust elementproportion and infrared spectrum of soil humic substance soil and the soil aggregates stabilitythrough the dry sieve and wet sieve. to provide more scientific data and theoretical for usingorganic materials fertilizing soil. The main results are as follows:1Effect of different organic materials on soil humic substance content and structureStudied the effect of different organic materials on soil humic substance and eachcomponents content of humic substance,the structure of infrared spectrum and the ratio of C,H,O,N through incubation experiment and laboratory analysis. The result shows: Eachcomponents content of humic substance increased compare to the check treatment afterfertilizing soil by different organic materials. And the order was: sawdust> wheat straw>cotton> check treatment; We found that infrared spectral structure of each components ofhumic substance of each treatment has a certain similarity through infrared spectrumcharacteristic peaks analysis, but there also have the significant structural differences; Theratio of elements have a certain degree of change through the analysis of proportion of eachcomponents of humic substance. But there is no consistent variation. The result proved theorganic material with high content of lignin can be easily transform into soil humic substanceand different chemical organic materials can be transform into the different components soilhumic substance in the same environmental condition.2Effect of different organic materials on soil aggregates stability Studied the effect of different organic materials on soil aggregates stability throughincubation experiment and laboratory analysis. The soil aggregates stability increased atdifferent degree through the analysis of soil aggregates preservation probability,stabilityindex,mean weight diameter and structure damage rate after using different organic materialsin fertilizing soil, and the sawdust treatment is better than cotton and wheat straw treatment.We fond that the humic acid and fulvic acid both had a certain effect on soil aggregatesstability through the correlation analysis between each components of humic substance andsoil stability index, and the fulvic acid is more obvious than humic acid.3Effect of different organic materials on soil fertilityStudied the different organic materials on soil nutrient and soil fertility throughincubation experiment and laboratory analysis. A total of ten quantitative index wereselected,such as soil organic matter, soil cation exchange capacity et al to reflect soil fertility.We used the factor method to comprehensively grades and put in order the soil fertility. Theresult shows: After use different organic materials in fertilizing soil, the soil fertility increasedin different degree compare to the check treatment. The order of soil fertility was:sawdust>cotton>wheat straw>check treatment. So we can draw a conclusion that we canobviously improve the soil nutrient and the soil fertility through using these three organicmaterials.In a word, the researches on these three kinds of organic materials in fertilizing soilbased on either soil fertility or the content of humic substance and soil aggregates stabilitycom to the same conclusion: the soil fertility and content of humic substance are much higherin sawdust treatment than in the other treatment and it also had the best soil stability.