The Expression Of CD4⁺CD25⁺ Regulatory T Cell,TGF-β₁ On Peripheral Blood From Patients With Alopecia Areata

Objective:To explore the role in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA) by determining the expression of CD4+CD25+Treg cells and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on peripheral blood in patients with AA.Methods:The proportion of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+Treg in T lymphocyte subgroups was determined by flow cytometry in 50 AA patients without therapy, and the content of TGF-β1 in blood serum was determined by ELISA, compared with 30 normal controls.Results:The proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg in T lymphocytes in patients with AA:normal control group (12.21±2.80)%, alopecia areata patients group (10.05±2.10)%, and the two groups has statistic significance (t=3.39, P<0.01); patients with extensive AA (8.01±1.35) %, local AA (10.89±1.78)%, the two groups has statistic significance (t=5.40, P<0.01). The concentration of serum TGF-β1 in patients with AA:normal control group (32.14±17.92)%, alopecia areata patients group (18.09±17.02)%, and the two groups has statistic significance (t=3.51, P<0.01); patients with extensive AA (6.51±2.02)%, and the local AA (23.05±18.20)%, the two groups has statistic significance (t=5.30, P<0.01). The proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg cells were negatively correlated with SALT in patients with AA (r=-0.566, P<0.01), the concentration of serum TGF-β1 was negatively correlated with SALT in patients (r=-0.471, P<0.01), and significant positive correlation between the two (r=0.584, P<0.01).Conclusion:The proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg cells and the concentration of serum TGF-β1 in patients with AA are relevant to each other and to the illness condition. The reduction of the proportion of CD4+CD25+Treg cells and the concentration of TGF-β1 in blood serum in patients with AA may be associated with the disorder of cellular immune balance in AA.